| There were a lot of culture heritages handed down to us from China ancient civilization that had five thousand years history, mural was the oldest relic that had been discovered. However, after hundreds of years, a variety of diseases, such as flake, detachment, fumigation, discoloration and disruption, have emerged on these ancient murals. The conservators have applied a few protective agents, such as polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), acrylic and silicone-acrylic emulsions, to attach the paint layers back to the wall and consolidate the paintings. Polymer materials will age with the action of light, heat, acid-base and bacteria corrosion in nature, and the aged materials will lose the protective function, even worse, they will produce damage to relics if they still remain. On the other hand, with the development of material science and technology, new and better materials for heritage protection will replace the old ones in the future. It is a new problem in modern conservation science to seek an innovative and effective cleaning agent for removing the existing but ineffective conservation material without damaging the substrate.In this work, the reversible rates of4typical protective agents (silicone-acrylic, acrylic, polyvinyl acetate and Paraloid B72) were measured based on traditional pure organic solvents method and innovative gel method both on glazed tiles and model samples of Dunhuang murals, it showed that both two cleaning methods did no damage on the substrate of Dunhuang mural, and the constitution requirements of cleaning agents were obtained, the cleaning process was optimized, also, the influence on the reversible rate of sample ageing was studied. It was confirmed that both organic cleaning and gel cleaning were effective and feasible to remove the ineffective polymers under3D micro system. Finally, it was came up with an optimal removal methodã€the largest reversible rate and suitable process for a certain conservation material. |
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