Analysis And Research On The Refusal Speech Act In “Revealing Original Shape In Officialdom ”

Refusal speech act is a face threatening act. It is not only contrary to the cooperative principle fundamentally, but also do not conform to Chinese "harmony" cultural ideas. As a officialdom satirical novels, “ Revealing Original Shape in Officialdom”, focusing on presenting the speech act between officials in the special officialdom culture, has a considerable number of refusal speech act. Considering the similarity of culture tradition and social environment, the study on the refusal speech act in “Revealing Original Shape in Officialdom”is also instructive for us to implement refusal today. The text of this thesis study uses the method of literature analysis to identify, extract, summary. In the end, it will establish date base.at the same time,it will use the social linguistics and the comparative analysis to arrive the corresponding conclusion by means through scientific analysis.The first chapter of this thesis mainly discusses the concept of politeness and face theory, pointing that Refusal speech act is not only not polite, but also attracting face of the other side. According to different standard, Refusal speech act can be divided into different types. Different types often use different refusal strategies. Refusal strategies often are affected by the cultural factors.Revealing Original Shape in Officialdom is a novel in the late Qing Dynasty,at that time,The officialdom culture has the characteristics of strict hierarchical structure,flattery and arrogant,complex structure of officialdom,the doctrine of the mean and peace.The second chapter is the analysis of the use of refusal strategies in “Revealing Original Shape in Officialdom”. According to the difference of the means of refusal,Refusal speech act can be divided into divided into three categories, which are direct refusal, indirect refusal and strong refusal. Indirect refusal is divided into seven small categories, which are explain the reasons, non-independent ease, claim other methods, request, promised to realize later, propose conditions, avoiding the problems; strong refusal is divided into six small categories, which are rhetorical question, blame, scold, satire, command, indoctrinate. According to the different contents of refusal, we divide the refusal speech acts into three categories, that are refusing the ask or request, refusing the arrange or invitation and refusing the advice or counsel. Combing the mathematical analysis and the officialdom culture,we can come to the conclusion that(1)the arrangement of the different content of refusal:refusing the ask or request are the most,the second is refusing the advice or counsel,the last is refusing the arrange or invitation;(2)the arrangement of the different means of refusal: indirect refusal is the most,the second is strong refusal,the last is the direct refusal.The third chapter discusses that the social power, social distance and degree of imposition will affect the choice of refusal strategy. The politest is the lower toward the higher,the im-politest is the higher toward the lower,there is no special tendency in the level. The distance of social can effect the choice of refusal strategies. The politest is the general relationship,the second is the familiar relationship,the third is the further relationship,the last is the closer relationship.Degree of imposition regularly influences refusal strategies. The more greater of the degree of imposition speaker to listener,the more polite the choices of refusal strategies listener to speaker.The conclusion chapter states the ancient and modern concept of refusal speech act,discusses the relationship of the use of refusal speech act between ancient officialdom and the modern workplace,points out the direction of future efforts that gives pragmatic principles of the use of refusal speech act by means of history as a mirror.In addition,the text must make an effort in the comprehensiveness of social influence factor of refusal speech act, the subjectivity of the degree of influence of the related factors and the comparison of the degree of related influence factor.