Power Transfer:the Formation And Evolution Of The Radical Youth Groups In "History Revolution" In 1958

The transfer of power appears twice in historiography after 1949. The first occurred simultaneously with the change of power, the second began in the "History Revolution" of 1958 and completed in the "Cultural Revolution" period. The formation and evolution of radical youth groups are conducted during the two transfers of power after the founding of the New China. Therefore, exploring and analyzing the formation and evolution of the radical youth group as a whole is inseparable from the study of the transfers of power.The first power transfer and the reorganizational of colleges beginning in the end of 1951 and the successive political movements all formulate the background where the young historians cultivate. The first transfer of power changed the academic historiography; the orthodox Marxism historians begin to replace traditional historians to control historiography from the hardware and software sides along with the traditional historians’downfall. China’s education system is controlled of "Soviet model "because of the faculty adjustment started by the end of 1951. "Soviet model" makes political history teaching to be highlighted, makes the understanding of history and the history of ideas to be shaped by materialism of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought which became knowledge background of youth groups. In addition, the successive academic criticism movement after1949 had a significant impact on the training the young.Overall, historical criticism movement before the anti-rightist movement is started basically between historians "upper" people, which did not spread to the young student groups. However, since the beginning of the anti-rightist movement, historical criticism movement began to spread to the young students, which makes the most of them gradually turn towards the "left" and make a difference in the "History Revolution".The second transfer of power started in 1958’s "History Revolution". And many of them experience a dramatic change in their mind in the early "History Revolution". Some of them gradually evolve into new groups ----young radical historian groups. They began to master the real power through the "three-pronged" leadership. At the same time; they not only defeat completely the traditional historians, but also regard orthodox Marxism historians as "white flags" and want to pull them in the "pull the white flag, plug red flag" movement. During the "History Revolution", the different perceptions cause a split within the Marxist historians and the young radical historian groups. The Orthodox Marxism historian become speechless, the radical youth groups’ voice in collective.So the second power transfer begins.After the "history revolution", many colleges and universities began to reduce the proportion of students in the leadership to curb their "leftist" tend. But after 1962, Mao Zedong issued the slogan of "Never forget class struggle", the radical youth groups rise again, and the scope expanded far beyond universities to the primary and secondary schools, a larger "the ignorant" fighting "the known," movement is in the pipeline. Ultimately, they were used as a political weapon to seize power, and "history" becomes brick which knocking the "Cultural Revolution" catastrophe. Radical young historians during the "Cultural Revolution" completely in charge of the historians of power, completed the second transfer of power after 1949.