The Prevention And Control Plague Of Jirem League In The Republic Of China

Jirem League located in the eastern part of Inner MongoliaAutonomous Region; on the east side was Jilin Province and ChifengCity was on its west. Liaoning Province was on the the south whilenorthwest and north was respectively bond by Xilin Gol League andHinggan League.In a word, Jirem League was belonging to NortheastChina with a total area of59,500square kilometers, including27ethnicgroups such like Mongolian, Han, Hui, Korean. Daur etc. And itspopulation was3,036,000. Jirem League began building in Qing Dynastyand the Qing government set up three House,4Rooms,1States,12Counties, belonging to the Northeast provinces(including HeiLongjiangProvince, Jilin Province and Lining Province); after the Republic ofChina was established in1912, Jirem League10banners was classified tothe Mogolian and Tibetan Affair Department of Bei Yang Government, aswell as supervised and controlled by the Northeast provinces; In theperiod of he puppet Manchuria Government(1932-1945), Jirem LeagueAnnan has been renamed the provincial South Xing’an Province, SouthXing’an Province and South Xing’an Region, relatively belongingXing’an Bureau, Mongolian Political Bureau and Xing’an Bureau; duringthe War of Liberation, Jirem League has renamed of Jirem Province,Jirem League, belonging to the East Mongolian People’s AutonomousGovernment, Xing’an Province, Western Liaoning Province, LiaoningJilin Province, and Northern Liaoning Province. one after another. ToApril in1949, Jirem League was divided into Inner MongoliaAutonomous Region. Thus we can see that throughout the period of the Republic of China, Jirem League regime has witnessed several changes,but it is still attached to the administrative division of the Northeast ofChina.Since ancient times, the Northeast was the plague-prone area, whileJirem League belonged to the Northeast. Since the beginning of theRepublic, especially between the year of1928to1948was exactly JiremLeague plague pandemic period. Years of plague epidemic gave a severetest to the then ruling regime, which prompted the government andsociety to actively respond. Since1918there were records of plague inJirem League, the regime for each period paid close attention to the issueof the plague, and depending on the political, economic, cultural anddegree of civilization, different control measures were taken. In this paper,it will mainly explore the three massive plague epidemic during the yearof1928to1948, analyze the reason of the outbreak of every plague andwhat measures have been taken then.It was the first time in1927to1928period that Bei YangGovernment ruled, because of the warlord infighting, rampant banditryand the imperfection of the local government, although the firstimmunization committee in the history of Jirem League was established,it did not take effective preventive measures, resulting a successiveplague in this area; second time was in1940to1945during the reign ofPuppet, due to its brutal rule and its omission act when the plague wasoutbroke, especially the implementation of the "merge of villages andhouseholds" policy, it led to a severely serious and successive plague inthe region of Jirem League and the annual outburst and deaths were morethan1,000people, which made it a relatively severe period in the plaguehistory of Jirem League; third was in1947to1948, in the liberation war,after Chinese people won the Anti-Japanese War, the Japanesesurrendered but they put Yersinia pestis in the northeastern part of China.The Party and the government achieved good control results through theestablishment of a professional organization of plague prevention, strict and intelligence plague prevention and vaccination system etc. and othercoping mechanisms.Throughout the Republican period Jirem League plague preventionand control work have achieved varying degrees of effectiveness. Byanalyzing the reasons and understanding the differences of the effects ofprevention, it’s of great help for us to know the economic and socialhistory. Moreover it also lays a solid basis for the prevention and controlof plague and the life and health of the people in Jirem League. At thesame time it provides great experience for health and epidemic preventioncareer and social advancement in the new China.