Analysis Of The Coronary Artery Anomalies And The Correlation Between The Anomalous Origin Of Coronary Artery And The Formation Of Atherosclerotic Plaque

Objective: To investigate the coronary artery anomalies(CAA) by use of computed tomography angiography(CTA), and then to analyze the correlation between the anomalous origin of coronary artery and the formation of atherosclerotic plaque.Methods: The prevalence of the CAA in 8 360 patients receiving CTA examination were retrospectively analyzed. Seventy-eight patients with normal origin of coronary artery were enrolled; the incidence of atherosclerotic plaque in the same branch was compared between patients with normal origin of coronary artery and those without. As for the patients with anomalous origin of coronary artery, the incidence of atherosclerotic plaque was compared between the patients with and without high-risk anatomical features. Besides, the gender difference was also compared between the patients with anomalous origin and all the patients having undergone CTA.Results: Totally 98 cases were found with the CAA among the 8 360 patients, including 78 cases of anomalous origin, 8 cases of number variation, 4 cases of anomalies of coronary termination, and 8 cases of structural variation. When left circumflex artery arose from the left coronary sinus(n=6), the incidence of the atherosclerotic plaque locating in the left coronary sinus(60.00%) was higher than that in the normal group(16.67%), with statistical significances(P=0.006). For the patients with an anomalous origin of the coronary artery, there was no statistical difference in the incidence of the atherosclerotic plaque between the patients with and without high-risk anatomical feature(n=31, 39.74% and n=47, 60.26% respectively)(P=0.201). When the patients with anomalous origin(n=78) compared with the patients having done CTA(n=8360), the gender difference shows a statistical difference(P=0.000 081 9).Conclusion: The anomalous origin of coronary artery is the most common type of the CAA. The abnormal origin of coronary artery itself commonly does not increase the incidence rate of plague formation. Meanwhile, high-risk factors do not have a positive promotion for the plague formation. Male people as well as the patients with the left circumflex artery arising from the left coronary sinus are possible to be high-risk factors for the formation of plaque, so both of which should be attached great importance and be treated at the early stages so as to decrease incidence rates of plague formation and coronary heart diseases.