| Objective 1. To measure iodine contents of usual food items from different water iodine areas, providing data for food iodine content database in China. 2. To estimate residents’ daily iodine intake based on databse, and provide more information for evaluating population iodine status; 3. To evaluate irrigated water with different iodine contents that effect on iodine content of vegatables.Methods Dezhou Ning Jin county and Lingxian county were selected as high iodine areas, Tianjin downtown and Baodi District as adequate iodine areas. Food samples were adopted from open fairs, supermarkets, and glories in both Tianjin and Ningjin. We chose the typical gardens from Lingxian and Baodi, collected vegetables and irrigation water samples from the garden. "GB 5750-85 standard test methods for domestic and drinking water" and "WS302-2008 on the determination of iodine in food-arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry” were used to measure iodine contents in water and food samples. Differences in iodine contents among various food intems from different regions were tested Using pared student t test. A single food selectivity of research methods was apllied to study the dietary iodine intake in the two areas. The relationship beween different water iodine levels and the iodine contents in vegetables were tested by paired student t test and correlation analysis.Results 1. There was no difference in average iodine content of the total usual food items between Ningjin and Tianjin. However, significant differences were found in several food items. Iodine contents in rice, noodles, purple potatoes, tofu skin, cauliflower, celery leaves, onion, pumpkin, beans, small hot peppers, green peppers, melon, ham, preserved egg and crucian carp were higher in Tianjin. Iodine contents in soybean, soybean milk, beans, cabbage, mungbean sprout, black fungus, duck eggs, quail eggs, ribbon fish, shrimp, milk and yogurt were higher in Ningjin. 2. Significant differences were found bebween different varieties of vegetables for the two palces(Ningjin/Tianjin). Spinach had the highest iodine in leaf vegetables, followed by rape. Lotus root had the highest iodine content of root vegetables. They were good at enriching iodine. Purple garlic and potatoes had the least iodine. 3. Orange contained the highest iodine in the fruit with 7.64±4.54μg/100 g in Ningjin. Persimmon had the highest iodine in Tianjin with 4.55±1.60μg/100 g. Melon and apple had the least iodine content in both places. 4. Iodine cotent in processed grain, meat and eggs was higher than that in raw materials. Iodine content in oil cakes was the highest of the grains with 17.36±10.83μg/100 g in Ningjin. Iodine content in noodles from Tianjin was the highest with 15.07±0.75μg/100 g. Iodine content in processed meat products was the highest with 79.35±11.81μg/100g、103.29±14.43μg/100 g in Ningjin and Tianjin. The iodine content of salted duck egg was the highest in the eggs of Ningjin and Tianjin containing 51.88±14.06μg/100g、64.47±11.05μg/100 g. Dried shrimps with no salt had the highest iodine in squatic products with 415.14±451.38μg/100g、333.32±180.42μg/100 g in Ningjin and Tianjin. 5. Iodine content in kelp and seaweed was the highest of all the usual food in both places, which was dozens or even thousands of times of other kinds, followed by squatic products(79.09±93.68μg/100g) and eggs(37.75±14.91μg/100g) and dairy products(23.07±8.25μg/100g). Iodine content in nuts and fruit was the least with 3.26±2.05μg/100g、2.73±1.86μg/100 g each. Iodine content in food descended in order of squatic products>eggs>dairy products>others. 6. The average iodine level of well water in Dezhou were 81.9±0.9μg/L 、 97.8±2.9μg/L 、 106.6±1.1μg/L 、 106.8±2.3μg/L 、 133.3±2.9μg/L respectively, while they were 19.5±0.9μg/L、61.0±1.9μg/L in Baodi. The former was higher(Z=2.24,P=0.036).7. There was a trend of positive correlation beween vegetables iodine content and iodine content in irrigated water. But iodine in vegetables was affected by many other factors.Conclusions 1. Vegetables and food growing on land had less iodine content, while iodine content in aquaculture and aquatic plants was higher. 2. With the development of logistics, no difference was found between iodine contents in usual food of cities from different water iodine regions 3. Spinach, cole, lotus root have higher ability of enriching iodine. When setting a food frequency questionnaire, vegetables that enriched iodine should take into consideration with different items, while others could combi ne in one it em. 4. There was a trend of positi ve correl ation bet ween iodi ne content in vegetables and the iodi ne content in irrigat ed water. But iodi ne in vegetable s was affected by many other factors. |
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