Study On Immunization Coverage Rate Of Influenza Vaccineand Influence Factors Among Healthcare Workers In Dandong City

Background:Influenza is acute aspiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, and a kind of disease with highly contagious and fast transmission speed.lt is mainly spread by droplets of respiratory secretions, can also be spread by contacting virus polluted fomites.The average incubation period is 1 to 4 days,the average is 2 days. From the last phast of latent to the acute stage of the disease are infectious. The most effective way to prevent and control influenza is influenzavaccine. The main benefits claimed aftervaccination are a reduced risk of influenza and of influenzaassociatedpneumonia, which can be life-threatening.Healthcare workers (HCWs) areconsidered as a risk group. In fact, they are considered to beat double risk because they are exposed in the communityand in the workplace.Based on scientific evidence, the U.S. Centers forDisease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the WorldHealth Organization (WHO) recommend that all countriesshould immunize their HCW as a first priority in order toprotect the essential health infrastructure, but the actual coverage is not as expected.Found from surveys during 2001-2015, the immunization coverage rate of influenza vaccine among HCWs in China is lower than other countries. The status of influenza vaccination in Dandong City is unknown.Objective:This study is to explore the influenza vaccine coverage and its influencing factors among HCWs of township, county, and city levelin Dandong City, understand the HCWs’recommendation conditions of influenza vaccine and its influencing factors,and provide scientific evidence forpromote the immunization coverage rate of influenza vaccine among HCWs inDandong City.Methods:We conducted this survey throughself-administrated questionnaire,we distributed questionnaire in three levels such as township, county, and city hospitals in Dandong City during October-December,2015. We handed out1168 questionnaires and took back 1054questionnaires. The number of eligiblequestionnaires is 1042.Results:1. The immunization coverage rate of influenza vaccine among Dandong HCWs in 2015 is 7.31%.2.HCWs’awareness rate is 30.91% .81.26% HCWs’ scores greater than or equal to 4 points.3. The influencing factors among HCWsin Dandong City are 2011-2014 history of influenza vaccination(OR=4.419,95%CI=3.442-5.674), the level of the hospital(OR=1.883, 95%CI=1.278-2.775), whether know the time for vaccination(OR=4.124,95%CI=1.639-10.380).4. The top three reasons for HCWs why they have no vaccination.they think "They are health and no need to get a vaccine"(49.94%), "The vaccinationis not free"(31.05%), "Virus mutate easily andthe effectiveness of vaccine is poor"(22.02%).5. In this study,29.09% HCWs had recommended their patients to get ainfluenza vaccine.The level of the hospital(X2=118.18, P<0.0001),gender(X2=7.26, P=0.0071<0.01), occupation(X2=18.22, P<0.0001), educational background(X2=16.45, P=0.0009<0.001), age(X2=47.16, P<0.0001), department(X2=60.89, P<0.0001)are the influence factors for the recommendation among HCWs.6. The top three reasons for HCWs why they had not recommended vaccination:"Don’t know the vaccine"(48.64%), "Concerns about responsibility caused by the adverse event"(41.58%)and "This is not my responsibility"(27.99%).7. The files that could affectHCWs’ recommendingtheir patients to receive influenza vaccine is Dandong City Planning Commission documents (63%), followed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (56.74%) file and Dandong City CDC documents (54.24%).8. The main ways thatmedical staff acquiring influenza or influenza vaccine knowledge way is "training units" (50.62%), followed by through "propaganda" (42.07%) and "textbooks" (39.48%), and as to expecting way to get knowledge,the first through the "propaganda" (57.73%), the second is through the "hospital regular training" (56.68%), the third is through the micro channel mobile phone, SMS (39.96%).Conclusion:1. The immunization coverage rate of influenza vaccine among Dandong HCWs in 2015 is 7.31%, this rate lower than other urban areas in China. HCWs who had get influenza vaccination during 2011-2014, came from "the country hospital","infection department","Surgery","Internal Medicine" and "know the people have get influenza vaccination everyear" will have higher rate ofinfluenza vaccination.2. HCWs’ accuracy on influenza vaccine knowledge is only 31%.81.26% HCWs’ scores greater than or equal to 4 points.3.Only 29.09%HCWs had recommendedinfluenza vaccine to their patientsinitiatively.HCWs with different "gender", "department","occupation" and other influencing factors will have different attitude about recommended influenza vaccine to their patients...