| Objectives1. To detect the thirteen kinds of mineral elements levels and understand distribution characteristics of boron, chromium, manganese, arsenic, cadmium, lead, selenium, calcium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, zinc, in the population of Pingyin County.2. To analysis the correlation between serum levels of thirteen kinds of mineral elements and mental illness, to study the effects of elements levels changes on the pathogenesisi of mental illness.3. To observe the improvement of selenium supplements on schizophrenia and to analysis the influence on serum levels of trace elements.4. To improve the data of mineral elements medical reference range about Pingyin County crowd. To provide a basis for further effective elements intervention of mental illness by the intervention effect of selenium wei kang to schizophreniathe research results.Methods1. Investigation 343 patients are all outpatients and inpatientsfrom mental health hospital of pingyin countyduring September to November in 2013, and classified according to the Chinese psychiatric disorders. All permanent residents of five villages(Nan Guanzhuang, Kong Cun, Tai Pingcun, Chen Tun, Guo Liugou) drawn from Pingyin County with cluster sampling were investigated,669 normal people are as the study of the control group by incorporating exclusion criteria.2. Laboratory tests All the research objects fast more than 12 h. Psychosis patients were blood three timesMeanwhile,respectively on 7:00-8:00 in the morningon the first day and the last day after a month and three months intervention. 10mL of venous blood was centrifuged with 3000 rpm for 5 to 10 minutes, and the serum was placed into eppeddorf tubes. The upper serum was drain into eppendorf tube by the sterilization and sent to laboratory.3. Selenium weikang intervention3.1 Specific interventions 21 schizophreniapatientsare selected from 343 patients with psychiatric hospitalization and lower serum selenium content.schizophrenic take selenium weikang (1.3 g/piece x 60 pills),2 times a day, each time 2 slices.Subjects constitute their own controlsbefore and after the intervention and are blood respectively on the first day and the last day after a month and three months intervention.Accordance with the above method, detectingseven kinds of mineral elements: cadmium, zinc, arsenic, selenium, chromium, copper, lead.3.2 Observation of psychiatric symptoms before and after the intervention In the process of intervention, the attending physician assessment improvementof psychotic symptomsbefore and after thesubjects taking selenium weikang.The symptoms are including memory, diet, sleep, insight, weight, hair, words, comprehension, abstract thinking, feeling, perception, emotion, behavior, learning ability, ability to life, mood, self-knowledge, anxiety, fear, fear, directional force, contradiction, increased activity or not, aggression, imagination, withdrawal behavior, judgment, imitation, refusal, waxy buckling, stereotyped behavior, like behavior, compulsive behavior, laughing, attention, to, slow, restlessness, decreased activity,40 indicators.4. Quality control Quality control was required to be done at each stage of subject. Selection principle of respondents was confirmed before the survey. The questionnaire survey and blood process were strictly enforced according to the existing standard. Laboratory quality control should be carried out in accordance with the strict requirements, including the reagent saving, used to detect elements5. Data processing Data to be imported SPSS20.0 for data analysis. The comparison of each index between two groups using t test; Comparison between multiple using analysis of variance; Multiple factors analysis using unconditioned Logistic regression.Results1. The methods to determine thirteen kinds of elements such as selenium, zinc etcby inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and flame atomic absorption were tested. The detection limits of B, K, Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, As, Se,Mg, Cd, Ca, Pb, Zn were 0.200μg/L,0.05 mg/L,0.002μg/L, 0.002 mg/L,0.005μg/L,0.003 mg/L,0.004μg/L,0.363μg/L,0.004 mg/L,0.392μg/L,0.05 mg/L, 0.001μg/L,0.001 mg/L. The inter-day precisions and intra-day precisions of each element were below 5% and 15%. The standard addition recovery of each element were in 85%-110%.2. Thirteen kinds of element distribution of normal crowd in Pingyin county were as follows: B 41.30±18.08μg/L, Cr 1.80±0.58μg/L, Mn 5.92±5.54μg/L, As 4.71±3.74μg/L, Se 125.92±31.97μg/L, Cd 1.01±0.78μg/L, Pb 5.42±3.90μg/L, Ca 111.25±33.37 mg/L, Cu 1.30±.49 mg/L, Fe1.49±0.78mg/L, K 222.67±73.06 mg/L, Mg32.05±11.40 mg/L, Zn 1.43±0.66 mg/L. The analysis results between different gender and age show that:Serum boron was positively related with age in over 30 years old group, while the level of boron in male group was lower than that of same age female group; Serum selenium content was positively related with age in over 30 years old group, while the level of boron in male group was lower than that of same age female group, there is an obvious age and gender differences. There were no differences in levels of serum Cr, Mn, As, Cd,Pb,Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Zn about age.3. It was statistical differences in serum Mn, B, As, Se, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg between schizophrenia patients group and the control group. The serum Mn, Se, Cd, Pb, Ca, Cu, Feof the schizophreniapatients group were significantly lower than that of the control group, while serum B, Cr, As, K, Mg were significantly higher than that of the control group. Analysis of serum elements between different sex shown that, the serum level of Iron, Magnesium was higher in male group than that of same age female group, the level of serum Copper of male was significantly lower than that of female. Analysis of serum elements between different age paragraphshown that, the serum level of Lead was significantly higher that of age under29 years oldgroupthan the other two groups. Analysis of serum elements between different courseshown that, serum Se was significantly lower that of course between 10-20 years oldgroupthan the other groups. The results by Logistic regression analysis between schizophrenia and levels of serum mineral elements shown that serum As、K were risk factors, while C、Mn、Se、Ca、Cu were protective factor for schizophrenia.4. The serum C、Se、Mn、Cd、Pb、Cu、Fe of the ffective disorderpatients group were significantly lower than that of the control group, while serum B、As、Ca、K、Mg were significantly higher than that of the control group. Analysis of serum elements between different sex shown that, the serum level of Iron in male group was higher than that of same age female group, the level of serum Cu of male was significantly lower than that of female. Analysis of serum elements between different age paragraph shown that, there were no age paragraph differencein levels of thirteen kinds of serum elements. Analysis of serum elements between different course shown that, serum Ca was significantly lower that of course between 10～20 years old groupthan the other groups.5. It was statistical differences in serum B, Mn, As, Se, Cd, Pb, Ca, Cu, K, Mg, Cr between other types of mental disorder group and the control group. The serum Cr, Mn, Se, Cd, Pb, Cuof the other types of mental disorder group were significantly lower than that of the control group, while serum B, As, Ca, K, Mg were significantly higher than that of the control group. Analysis of serum elements between different sexshown that, the serum level of serum B, K was higher in female group than that of same age male group. Analysis of serum elements between different age paragraph shown that, it was statistical differences in serum As. Analysis of serum elements between different course shown that, serum Pb was significantly higher that of course between 10-20 years old groupthan the other groups.6. After single factor analysis of variance, it was statistical differences in serum B, Mg, Cr, Zn, Mn, Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe between differenttypes of mental disorder group. Serum B, Ca was significantly lower that of schizophreniapatients groupthan the other groups; serumCr, Mn, Cd, Cu were significantly higher that of schizophreniapatients groupthan the other groups; serum Mg, Zn were significantly lower that of affective disorderpatients group than the other groups.7. After selenium weikang intervention, the subjects the mean serum selenium content by 82.53μg/L, after intervention in 1 months to 108.78μg/L, intervention 3 to 115.04ug/L; the subjects the mean serum arsenic content by 25.03μg/L, after intervention in 1 months to 17.33ug/L, intervention 3 to 9.84ug/L.Conclusions1. The serum Mn, Se, Cd, Pb, Ca, Cu, Fe of the schizophreniapatients group were significantly lower than that of the control group, while serum B, Cr, As, K, Mg were significantly higher than that of the control group. Logistic regression analysis between schizophrenia and levels of serum elements, it was found that serum As, K were risk factors, while Cr, Mn, Se, Ca, Cuwere protective factor for schizophrenia.2. The serum Cr, Se, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe of the affective disorderpatients group were significantly lower than that of the control group, while serum B, As, Ca, K, Mg were significantly higher than that of the control group.3. The serum Cr, Mn, Se, Cd, Pb, Cuof the other types of mental disorder group were significantly lower than that of the control group, while serum B, As, Ca, K, Mg were significantly higher than that of the control group.4. It was statistical differences in serumB, Mg, Cr, Zn, Mn, Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe between differenttypes of mental disorder group. Serum B, Ca was significantly lower that of schizophreniapatients group than the other groups; serumCr, Mn, Cd, Cu were significantly higher that of schizophreniapatients group than the other groups; serumMg, Zn were significantly lower that of affective disorderpatients group than the other groups.5. After selenium weikang intervention, the serum selenium of subjects has a rising trend and arsenic content in serum have gradually reduce the trend. |
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