| ObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to analysis the cognitive function and the features of event-related potential(P300 and MMN), and to explore the relationship between them. Providing objective foundation for diagnosing MCI and AD at the early stage.Method Retrospectively analyzing the 32 patients who present with cognitive impairment visiting to the cognitive and memory disorder out-patient department of the first hospital of Jilin University during the December 2014 to December 2015, choose 21 healthy elderly whose age, gender, education level were matched as control group. Collected the general clinical information, the scores of neural psychology test(Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Activities of Daily Living), the results of 4h video-electroencephalogram(VEEG) and the relevant data of P300 and MMN. According to the scores of neural psychology test, the patients were divided into two groups: MCI and AD. The normal distribution test and homogeneity test were conducted in the variables. Experimental data was expressed with x±s. Using SPSS17.0 software, analysis of variance(ANOVA) was used to compare in multi-group variables, and analyzed the correlation between P300, MMN and neural psychology test. P < 0.05 was statically significant difference.Results 1、For the score of MMSE,Mo CA,directional force,computing power,language ability and memory among the three groups or between two groups(P<0.05); significantly difference was showed in them.2、4h Vedio-EEG showed that the abnormal rate of background in MCI group and AD group were 53.3 percent and 71.6 percent, respectively. The abnormal EEG of MCI group mainly was characterized by poor regulation or generalization forward of alpha rhythm amplitude; abnormal brain waves visible only few theta/delta wave activity in the temporal region. However, in AD group moderate-severe abnormal EEG takes the main staus, except for the EEG background activity becoming slow, focal or diffuse abnormalities(especially presented as epileptic discharges and slow wave) in the unilateral or bilateral frontal and temporal regions, more common in the temporal region.3、Compared with healthy control group, MCI group, AD group, the differences in the reaction time and correct rate of P300 were significant(P<0.05).4、Significantly difference in the latency of P300 at Pz site was observed among the groups. Although, the difference between AD and MCI,AD and NC were significant, there was no significantly difference between MCI and NC. No differences in the amplitudes for the P300 component were observed among the groups.5、AD patients exhibited significant correlation between the latencies of P300 at both Cz and Fz, the amplitude of P300 at Pz and the MMSE score,moreover, the latencies of P300 at both Cz and Fz significantly correlated with the orientation; the amplitude and the latency of P300 at Cz significantly correlated with the capacity of calculation;the latency of P300 at Fz significantly correlated with the score of Mo CA; the amplitude of P300 at Pz significantly correlated with calculation, orientation and language functions; the latency of P300 at Pz significantly correlated with the score of MMSE, Mo CA, calculation, orientation and memory6、No differences in the EPR latencies and amplitudes for the MMN component were observed among the groups(P>0.05).Conclusion 1、With the progress of the disease, cognitive function aggravate accordingly, and the abilities of orientation, memory, calculation,language and visual spatial executive decrease, increasing as the severity.2、As the degree of cognitive impairment aggravating, the EEG changes more severely, which showed that EEG is a reliable, objective diagnostic parameter that may be used to establish the severity of cognitive impairment and evaluate the extent of the disease in AD patients.3、Compared with the healthy elderly, as the degree of cognitive impairment aggravating, the reaction time to the task prolonged and the correct rate depressed.4、With the degree of cognitive dysfunction increased, the P300 amplitude decreased and the latency prolonged; P300 as a reliable indicator can be more sensitive and objective to evaluate the degree of the cognition function, with high sensitivity and low specificity. The P300 latency is more sensitive than the amplitude in the diagnosis of AD.5、Compared with video-EEG, P300 is more sensitive in the diagnosis of AD, especially at the early stage.6、Although there is no significant difference among three groups, compared with NC subjects, MMN latency prolonged associated with AD, so regard to the non-compliant patients(the patients with severe cognitive impairment or accompanied by mental and behavioral abnormalities),MMN can be used as an objective measure of selective screening. |
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