Two Cases Report And A Review Of Theliterature

ObjectionThe aim is to analyze the cases of malignant melanoma, clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis and treatment, improve the understanding of the disease, and further emphasizes the importance of the early discovery, early treatment for improving the prognosis of malignant melanoma.MethodsThis study retrospective analyzed the clinical data of 2 patients with malignant melanoma, integrated with the literature review at home and abroad, discussed the cause, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis and treatment of malignant melanoma.ResultsCase 1:Male,73 years old, one black nodule was found on the left pretibial one year ago. The nodule gradually extended, and festered in recent 2 months. The black nodule on the left pretibial was about 1.5* 1.5 cm, with festered surface, no leakage. The surface and edge distribution of pigment were not uniform. It has hard quality, and a light tenderness, with red and swollen surrounding skin. Pathology reported left front leg malignant melanoma. He was diagnosed of nodular melanoma of the skin. Local malignant melanoma expanded resection was performed, together with popliteal space and inguinal lymph node cleaning. The patient received the DP scheme of chemotherapy for 3 cycles. Following up for 1 year, we found no recurrence.Case 2:Women,26 years old, The pigmented nevus on the left breast extended in the last year. She was born with a little dark brown patch in the inside of the upper quadrant of the left breast. The patch enlarged slowly as time goes by. In the past year, the rash area expanded rapidly, gradually became higher than leather, color deepened with pigment uneven surface, but without fester and seepage. No tenderness and subcutaneous nodules were found. No swollen lymph nodes were found in the armpit and supraclavicular area. Pathological diagnosis was malignant melanoma. The patient was diagnosed of superficial invasive malignant melanoma. Local lesion expanded resection and regional lymph node cleaning were performed. Postoperative line combination chemotherapy dacarbazine and vincristine together with interferon immune support therapy were performed as well. Following-up for half a year, we found no recurrence.ConclusionsSkin malignant melanoma is the melanin cell malignant tumor, the incidence of worldwide rise year by year with annual growth rate of 4% to 6%. This disease is often seen in the elderly, but can also be found in young people and children. The clinical manifestations mainly are rapidly growing up melanin nodules, skin lesions, plaques, nodules, mushroom or cauliflower., color with noise, jagged edges, assumes the jagged, unsmooth surface, partial erosion, ulcer, localized itching, burning pain, or pain. The MM diagnosis depends on pathological diagnosis. The treatment methods for MM are mainly composed of individualized treatment, foundation treatment and the comprehensive treatment of auxiliary can also help. Early surgical resection is the preferred treatment of MM. Operation method varies according to the pathological installment. MM is relatively insensitive to chemotherapy drugs. But in patients with middle-lat, adjuvant therapies such as the radiation and chemotherapy, immunotherapy must be paid to.There is currently no effective treatment for MM, therefore completes the prevention measures is particularly important. Especially for those high risk groups, to achieve early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment is important. Basing on this, actively exploring the early, sensitive and specific diagnosis index of the MM, seeking for effective treatment, eventually preventing MM, prolonging survival time for patients with MM, and providing a new approach to improve their quality of life are what to do next.