| Objective: Observe the trend of morbidity and mortality in five years, and analyze the risk factors.Methods: Collect pulmonary embolism cases in our hospital from 2011 to 2015. There are total 383 cases, 187 males and 196 females, the average age is(58.03±14.83), among them 46 deaths, 27 males and 19 females, the average age is(64.50±12.51). According to the 《 Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute pulmonary embolism of European Society of Cardiology in 2014 》 and 《 the consensus of Chinese experts on the diagnosis and treatment of acute pulmonary thromboembolism in 2010 》, risk factors of pulmonary embolism were observed, including deep vein thrombosis, surgical procedures, fracture and trauma, varicose veins, heart disease, lung disease, cancer, stroke, pregnancy and perinatal period. Observe the Department distribution of pulmonary embolism in our hospital. To survey the composition of the various risk factors in the past 5 years and the effect of different treatment methods on mortality.Results: ⑴ During the five years of 2011-2015, the morbidity was ranged from 0.82‰ to 1.04‰, which is slightly lower than the survey data of 0.14% in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, and the prevalence of 4‰ in the National Hospital of the United States. The mortality was ranged from 8.26% to 13.89%, which is slightly lower than foreign data of 17.4%. Age and gender have no influence on morbidity in statistical analysis. There are the most patiens in the group aged from 50 to 69, which accounts for 47.52%. The highest mortality of the age group was 50 to 69, followed by the 70 to 89 group. ⑵From the Department distribution, Respiratory Department is the highest with the rate of 47.70%, Secondly are Vascular surgery(16.09%) and Cardiovascular Department(13.84%). ⑶The mortality of thrombolysis group and anticoagulation group were obviously lower than no treatment group. The mortality of the no treatment group was 59.46%, the thrombolysis group was 7.56%, and the anticoagulation group was 6.61%. ⑷The proporition of risk factors has no distinction in statistics in the five years. Concrete analysis the proportion of various risk factors, deep venous thrombosis is the most important risk factor with the rate of 61.62%. Secondly are surgery and cardiovascular disease with the rate of 44.13% and 32.11% respectively. ⑹The most common lower extremity venous thrombosis is calf muscular venous, which accounts for 75.42%. Orthopaedic operation is the most common one in all surgery, which accounts for 27.22%, followed by general tumor resection is 22.49%, gastrointestinal and urinary surgery is 18.93%, breast surgery is14.20%. Lower limb fracture is the most common fracture site, accounting for 61.82%. Secondly general is upper limb with the rate of 10.91%.In cardiac disease, coronary heart disease are 80 cases, which account for 65.41%. Secondly pulmonary heart disease has the rate of 17.07%. Lung tumor is the most common in tumors, with the rate of 27.03%. ⑸Shock, right ventricular dysfunction, heart disease, diabetes mellitus can increase the mortality of pulmonary embolism. Among them there is a correlation between the mortality and Shock, heart disease, diabetes mellitus.Conclusion: During the five years of 2011-2015, morbidity and mortality of pulmonary embolism in our hospital has no obviously trend, floating at a relatively stable level. Age and gender have no influence on morbidity in statistical analysis. The main risk factors are deep venous thrombosis, surgery and cardiovascular disease. Compared with the previous data, surgery increased significantly, and the Orthopaedic operation is the most common one in all surgeries. Respiratory Department has the highest proportion. Both thrombolysis group and anticoagulation group have lower mortality than that of no treatment group. |
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