Studies On The Diet-induced Obesity Impaired Physical Endurance Capacity In C57BL/6 Offspring

Obese pregnant women present a risk to fetal health, leading to a series of metabolic syndrome and chronic inflammation risks. For a long time, physical exercise was considered as one of the main treatments for obesity. However, how the physical endurance capacity is affected by the fat consumption through the life cycle is still unknown.Two groups of female mice(6 week old; C57BL/6J) were fed with a normal chow diet(NCD) and a moderate high fat diet(MHFD) during pregnancy and lactation(8 weeks) respectively, leaving their offspring’ food the same as their dams. When filial mice were 8, 16 and 24 weeks old, they will be tested on endurance, blood pressure, glucose tolerance as well as adipose tissue infiltration and subtype identification of macrophages. Compared with the control group, filial mice in MHFD groups have higher sensitivity on blood pressure and glucose and larger adipose cells(nearly 4 times). During adolescence, the obese filial mice have more endurance than normal ones. Their endurance declines in middle and old age, the endurance of aged mice reduced by 72% when compared with the lean ones. Furthermore, their body coordination and movement memory didn’t change obviously. Besides that, the expressing of CD68, one of the most reliable markers of macrophages, increased by 2.48 times, proving that macrophages largely recruited and infiltrated. In addition, the ascending TNF-α and descending IL-10 illustrate that infiltrated macrophages are polarized to M1 state, weakening the physical endurance and resisting the type M2 macrophages with repairing function. Notably, the level of atrogin-1 was up-regulated by 18.2% in muscle among 24 w MHFD mice.In conclusion, chronic high fat diet can lead to endocrine disorders and promote inflammatory infiltrate to adipose tissue. The excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibits the release of anti-inflammatory cytokine with repair function to form skeletal muscle atrophy, resulting in loss of motor function.