| Objective: To evaluate the results of the site detection among the working environment in chromium manufacturers of Zhangjiagang City, and to master the results of the health surveillance among chrome plating workers, the study analyzed the relationship of the both outcomes with an attempt to provide relevant clues to revise the standards, provide effective measures to prevent occupational diseases of the chromium manufacturers and the basic data of occupational health supervision and administration for chrome plating.Methods:(1)Through retrospective survey, the study collected the data about the site detection of working environment and the occupational health status among workers from 6 chromium manufacturers of Zhangjiagang from 2010 to 2012.(2) The study took samples and detected chromium and its compounds from 10 sites from 4 electroplating industries with different methods in Zhangjiagang City.(3) The study finished these materials and inputted Excel to establish a database respectively, analyzed these data through SPSS13.0 with the data about the site detection of 4 electroplating workshops in a large electroplating factory in Zhangjiagang and the questionnaire investigation and occupational health status among chrome plating workers.Results:(1)Through the retrospective survey of 6 chromium manufacturers, the abnormal nasal findings were detected in 13.11% of the workers who were engaged in chromium plating which is indicating nasal lesions under the condition of the chromium concentrations in workplace air samples met the requirement of relevant national limits for occupational health and were even less than the detection limits(0.01 mg/m3) of applied apparatus.(2)From the results of the site detection of 4 chromium manufacturers, the detection rate of individual sampling was higher than that of on-site sampling(P<0.05); The detection efficiency was raised by changing the flow rate and duration of on-site sampling, but the over-limit rate was not changed.(3)Through the investigation on health status among chrome plating workers in chromium manufacturers, all samples’ results of the site detection met the requirement of GBZ2.1-2007,only 4 samples’ results of the fourth workshop exceeded the limit concentration of corresponding detection method; Compare the chrome plating workers with the control group, the difference in the nasal discomfort and findings of these workers was significant(P<0.05); the difference in the nasal discomfort and findings of these workers in the 4 electroplating workshops was not significant(P>0.50).Conclusion: Chromium manufacturers in the city of Zhangjiagang are mostly small private enterprises, the degree of mechanization is not high which means that the operation is manual in the majority; only part of them uses Semi mechanical operation. According to the retrospective survey of 6 chromium manufacturers in Zhangjiagang, all the chromium concentrations of the site detection met the requirement of GBZ2.1-2007, abnormal nasal findings were detected in 13.11% of the workers who were engaged in chromium plating of 3 years; According to the results of the site detection of 4 chromium manufacturers in Zhangjiagang, all the concentrations met the requirement of GBZ2.1-2007; The investigation on a chromium manufacturers in Zhangjiagang showed that the concentrations of the site detection met the requirement of GBZ2.1-2007,the rate of workers’ nasal discomfort self-feeling reached 22.4% of all the workers were investigated with chrome plating, the results of post-health examination found abnormal nasal workers was 12.4%.It is not difficult to find that even the site detection meets the requirement of the national current standards of contact limit for chromium, there is still more than 10% of workers’ health with a certain degree of damage, and also with self-conscious symptom. We hope that the government departments could strengthen the management of workers on the chrome plating and make sure of the post-health examination and the post event after the rectification finished and closure of manufacturers; meanwhile, whatever the chromium manufacturers which are in production or not, the manufacturers should pay attention to the daily management of the manufacturer which met the requirement of the national limits for occupational health and examination of the workers, enhance workers’ awareness of self protection and ensure greater protection of manufacturers and workers. |
