A Retrospective Study Of Anti-NMDA-Receptor Encephalitis In Children And A Literature Review

[Objective] To study the clinical features of Anti-NMDAR encephalitis(ANE) in children, and improve the awareness about the disease. [Methods] The clinical features, therapeutic regimen and prognosis of 3 children with ANE who admitted to Pediatric Department of Fujian Province Hospital from September 2012 to March 2015 were summarized by a retrospective and follow-up study. [Results] Among the 3 cases with ANE,2 were males and 1 was female(median age of patients was 6 years,range 5-9 year). Main symptoms included seizure(2 cases), headache(1 case), psychiatric symptoms(3 cases),language disorder(1 case),antunomic symptoms(1 case), sleep disorder(1 case),stereotypical behavior(1 case)and so on. The results of MRI revealed abnormal signal of the parietal lobe(1 case).The EEG shows diffuse slow waves,one of them shows epileptic activity. The white blood cell count of the CSF elevated in 2 cases. Oligoclonal bands of the CSF were positive(3 cases). The NMDAR antibody of the CSF were positive(3 cases).Among the three patients, two were cured after the treatment of methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin, one was cured by antiepileptic therapy. [Conclusions]Psychiatric symptoms, seizure,sleep disorder were common symptoms of ANE.CSF and serum NMDAR antibody could be a specific test in patient with ANE. Immunotherapy was effective and the outcome of ANE was optimistic.