| OBJECTIVE: Taking the Hedysari Radix cultivated in different regions in Gansu and its soil as the research objects, this paper analizes the quality differences in each samples.This research identifies the authenticity of Hedysari Radix by source identification,morphological identification, microscopic identification,TLC and determines the contents of moisture, total ash, acid insoluble ash, alcohol soluble extract in order to provide a basis for qualitative identification and routine visits. This study establishs the quality control standard and HPLC fingerprints in order to provide a effective research support for setting up a comprehensive and regulative quality evaluation system of Hedysari Radix. Meanwhile this paper analyzes the suitable producing areas of Hedysari Radix based on discussing the influence of ecological environment factors on quality of Hedysari Radix,in order to provide a reference basis for choosing the best cultivation area.METHOD: In this research, 136 samples are collected from dirrerent areas in Gansu province,which include 70 medicinal material samples and 66 soil samples. According to the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China(version 2010), this paper identifies the authenticity of Hedysari Radix by source identification,morphological identification,microscopic identification,TLC and determines the contents of moisture, total ash, acid insoluble ash, alcohol soluble extract.A HPLC method, a UV-Vis method and a HPLC fingerprints method are established which are used to determine the contents of formononetin,calycosin,polysaccharide and analyze the differences between different medicinal material samples.Kjeldahl determination,flame photometry, UV-Vis method and potassium dichromate volumetric method are used to determne contents of soil nutrients,such as total nitrogen,phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium. The detection results are analyzed by clustering analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, etc.RESULT: In addition to small number of samples’ total ash content and extract content don’t comply with the pharmacopoeia standard,the qualitative identification and conventional test results of 70 samples conform to pharmacopoeia rules. The results of variance analysis show that there are statistical differences in contents of main active components between the wild and cultivated Hedysari Radix,as well as among samples from different regions. The contents of alcohol soluble extract,calycosin,formononetin and polysaccharide in Radix Astragali from Wu Dou are higher than that in Tan Chang and Ding Xi. The contents of main active components in wild Hedysari Radixare higher than that in the cultivated, except alcohol soluble extract. The HPLC fingerprint about Hedysari Radix is analyzed by clustering analysis and similarity assessment analysis.It is also found that Hedysari Radix produced in Wu Dou are different from those produced in Tan Chang and Ding Xi.By comparing nutrient contents in 37 soil samples, the obvious differences exist. For contents of total nitrogen and total potassium,there is a certain difference in soil samples which are from different origins. The soil samples from Wu Du has the lowest content of total nitrogen.The total phosphorus content of samples with different soil types are differences.Total phosphorus contents of red clay samples are significantly higher than that of loessial soil,and it is higher in cultivated grop than that in wild group.The correlations between contents of active ingredients in Hedysari Radix and ecological factors are analyzed by factor analysis. Four common factors, which are heat factor,geographical factor, illumination factor,and precipitation factor, are extracted.The heat factor is a ecological dominant factor influencing on quality of Hedysari Radix. The results show that ≥10 ℃ accumulative temperature is the key environmental factor impacting on polysaccharide content,Latitude can influence the contents of calycosin and formononetin,and annual global solar radiation is the most important environmental factor impacting on extract content.The correlations of contents between soil nutrients and index components are analyzed by correlation analysis and regression analysis. The statistical results show that there exists obvious positive correlations between formononetin and calycosin contents and total potassium contents of soil.Polysaccharide content is positively correlated with the contents of total nitrogen. Meanwhile, the contents of extract and total potassium exist significant positive correlations, but it is negatively correlated with organic matter.CONCLUSION: The quality of Hedysari Radix samples have obvious differences which are from different regions and different growth ways. It is found that the quality of wild Hedysari Radix is better than that of cultivated herbs.Meanwhile Hedysari Radix produced in Wu Dou have higher quality than that produced in Tan Chang and Ding Xi, which is consistent with the idea that Wu Dou is the genuine producing area of Hedysari Radix.Heat factor, geographical factor, illumination factor,and precipitation factor are the key environmental factors.There are differences among the environmental factors influencing on active ingredients contents of Hedysari Radix. While there is no doubt that the differences in active ingredients’ contents are influenced by all kinds of environmental factors rather than single factor.Soil nutrient is the main source of plant growth needed,which is the key environmental factor affecting the accumulation of active ingredients in Hedysari Radix. When the plant grows, it absorbs some ingredients of soil selectively. The change of soil nutrients contents can obviously influence the accumulation of active ingredients in Hedysari Radix. |
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