Clinical Study On The Influence Of Smoking On Chronic Periodontitis

Objectives To investigate the influence of smoking on chronic periodontitis,we select clinical patients with chronic periodontitis and divide them into smoking and non-smoking groups according to smoking or not.We explore the relationship between smoking and chronic periodontitis through observing and comparing the recovery effect in the two groups after initial periodontal therapy,through observing and comparing the severity and distribution of periodontal damage on anterior teeth and posterior teeth,through recording and analysing the data by statistics software.It will provide theoretical basis for the treatment and prevention of chronic periodontitis in clinic.Methods Research 1 Subjects:60 patients with chronic periodontitis(male,30 to 60 years old,age distribution is uniform),30 smokers and 30 non-smokers.Standard for subjects:subjects with at least 20 teeth and at least a third sites of full mouth teeth with pocket depth≥4mm,attachment loss≥2mm.There is no systemic diseases before,no periodontal treatment in a year,no application of antibiotics in three months.Teeth with occlusal trauma are not included.Smokers are ones with more than 10 years history of smoking and with more than10 cigarettes per day.Methods:1 Explain to the patients and take clinical periodontal examination under the premise of patients, permission.Record probing depth,attachment loss,plaque index and bleeding index.2 Take initial periodontal therapy,including supragingival scaling,subgingival scaling,root planing, elimination of occlusal trauma,oral health education and so on.Tell the patiens to return after 6 to 8 weeks.3 Evaluate the periodontal condition of the patients when they return and decide to whether or not give a treatment again.Tell the patiens to return after 6 weeks.4 Patients return,record probing depth,attachment loss,plaque index and bleeding index again.5 Analysing the data by statistics software.Research2:Subjects:120 patients with chronic periodontitis(male,45 to60 years old,age distribution is uniform),60 smokers and 60 non-smokers.Standard for subjects:subjects with at least 20 teeth and at least a third sites of full mouth teeth with pocket depth>4mm,attachment loss ≥ 3mm.There is no systemic diseases before,no periodontal treatment in a year,no application of antibiotics in three months.Teeth with occlusal trauma are not included.Smokers are ones with more than 10 years history of smoking and with more than 10 cigarettes per day.Methods:1 Explain to the patients and take clinical periodontal examination under the premise of patients, permission.Record probing depth,attachment loss,plaque index and bleeding index.2 Analysing the data by statistics software.Results Research 1 The clinical effects of non-smoking group including probing depth,attachment loss,and plaque index are better than the clinical effects of smoking group afterinitial periodontal therapy,the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).The clinical effect of bleeding of non-smoking group is not better than smoking group,the difference is not statistically significant(P>0.05).Research 2 Whether on anterior teeth or on posterior teeth,probing depth,attachment loss,plaque index of non-smoking group are better than smoking group,the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).Wether on anterior teeth or on posterior teeth,bleeding index of smoking group is better than non-smoking group,the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).Probing depth, attachment loss,plaque index and bleeding index on posterior teeth of non-smokers are worse than those on anterior teeth,the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).Bleeding index on posterior teeth of smokers is worse than that on anterior teeth while probing depth, attachment loss and plaque index on posterior teeth of smokers are not worse than those on anterior teeth,the difference is not statistically significant(P>0.05).The difference of probing depth,attachment loss and plaque index on anterior teeth between smokers and non-smokers is more significant than the difference on posterior teeth,the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions 1 Initial periodontal therapy has beneficial effects on chronic periodontitis.However,compared with the curative effects on smokers it has more maked curative effects on non-smokers with chronic periodontitis.2 Smokers with chronic periodontitis have heavier periodontal damage than non-smoking ones,particularly on anterior teeth.3 The condition of periodontal bleeding of smoking ones is better than non-smoking ones.4 To patients with chronic periodontitis,smoking has effects on the distribution of periodontal damage in the mouth.The conclusions above can be used as the basis for the viewpoint that smoking has effects on chronic periodontitis and provide guidance for the treatment and prevention of chronic periodontitis in clinic.