Comparative Study On The Clinical Efficiency In The Treatment Of Adult Periodontitis Between Thick And Thin Gingival Biotype

Objective Observe the maxillary alveolar and periodontal change in patients with mild-to-moderate chronic periodontal disease at alignmentand leveling arches stage. And to discuss the differences of periodontal attachment comparing with different periodontal biotypes before and after orthodontic treatment, providing reference for clinical practice.Methods Select 20 cases of adult female patients (20 to 45 years old),10 patients with periodontal disease (group A),10 cases of periodontal health (group B), each group classifies into thin gingiva type (type Ⅰ) and thick gum type (type Ⅱ) for5 cases each.Apply for Group A:orthodontic-periodontal combined treatment, and Group B:ordinary orthodontic treatment. Then measure the gingival and alveolar height coparing with before treatment (TO) and after alignmentand leveling arches stage (T1)of 204 teeth of 20 patientsResults 1.Gingival recession:Comparing at To, the gingival regression of type I at the incisal palatal side, premolar palatal side, and molars palatal side can be observed with significant differences(P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences for the typeⅡ (P>0.05); The comparison between the changes in two type groups of palatal side of incisors, canines and molars showed significant difference (P< 0.05). The gingivl regression amount for both goup A and B showed significant difference (P<0.05) comparing at the To and Ti stages,while comparison between groups suggested no statistical significance (P> 0.05); 2. The alveolar hight of the palatal and labial side of the insisors of both group A and B at T1 stage are lower than To stage. Group A showed higer alveolar hight in insisal palatal side (P<0.01), premolar labial side (P<0.05), and morlar labial side (P<0.05) comparing to group B.Conclusion After orthodontic alignment and leveling arches, the gingival and alveolar hight of palatal and labial sides of the teeth changes significantly, mainly showed with regression and mostly happened at incisors, premolars and molars. The Thin type ginviva has greater regression amount than the thick type, while patients with periodontal deseases showed greater alveolar absorbsion than those with healthy periodontium.