| Purpose:To study the epidemiological features of hypertension in Anning rural regions of Yunnan province and provide basis for prevention and treatment of hypertension there.Methods:Divide the 1056 rural residents aged 45 years old and above from September to December 2014 in every cities and towns of Anning, Yunnan Province by gender (male, female) and age (45-54 years old,55-64 years old,65-74 years old,75-84 years old,85 years old and above) into groups. Through questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory diagnosis, collect and record the medical history, living habits, blood pressure, weight, height, blood glucose, blood lipid and other datas of the villagers. Analyze the hypertension prevalence rate, awareness rate, treatment rate, compliance rate of the region and the factors affect hypertension prevalence rate, awareness rate, treatment rate, compliance rate, hypertension and other chronic diseases and hypertension compliance combined with the local characteristics. Use Epidata to input data and analyze the data by SPSS 20.0. Enumeration data is presented by rate or constituent ratio and the comparison among groups is tested by χ2 Use Logistic regression to analyze the factors affect treatment rate and awareness rate of hypertensives. Use two-sided test approach and alpha=0.05 as the test standard.Results:1. The prevalence rate of hypertension is 41%(433/1056). The prevalence rate of male is 43.6%(189/432) and the prevalence rate of female is 39.2%(244/624). The hypertension prevalence rates male and female are not statistically significant (χ=2.06, P>0.05), while the rate of hypertension increases with the increase of age through comparing the hypertension prevalence rates of different age groups.2. The overweight and obese people accounts for 31.2%(329/1056). There are statistically significant differences (=5.078, P<0.05) between the overweight and obese men and women. Compared with non-obese people, the relative risk of the overweight and obese people to have hypertension increases 1.41 times (OR=1.41, χ2=6.76, P<0.01); the prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus, stroke, coronary heart disease, dyslipidemia of hypertensive patients are higher than those in non-hypertension group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01); the prevalence rate of hypertension of group with all kinds of bad living habits (smoking, drinking and high salt diet) are higher than those in non-hypertension group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).3. The awareness rate of hypertension is 48.4%(210/433), drug-taking rate was 18.2%(79/433) and compliance rate was 12.9%(56/433). In addition the compliance rate decreases with age increases, there are no significant differences in the other rates in each age and gender group (P>0.05).4. The awareness rate of drug names of different age groups is statistically significant (χ2=14.61, P<0.05) after tested by Fisher’s; the awareness rate of drug name s decreases with age increases; the awareness of differences in drug efficacy of different drugs of different ages is statistically significant(χ2=22.93, P<0.01) after tested by Fisher’s, and the awareness of differences in drug efficacy decreases with age increases; the rate of stoping taking drugs after symptom improves of different age groups is not statistically significant (χ2=8.47, P>0.05) after tested by Fisher’s; the rate of stoping taking drugs after side-effect appears of different age groups is statistically significant(=17.06, P<0.01) after tested by Fisher’s.5. After analyzed by Logistic Regression, female, education level and economic income are protective factors of awareness rate of hypertension, high-age group is a risk factor for the awareness rate; age group is a risk factor for drug-taking rate, income is a protective factor for cognitive rate; age group is a risk factor for treatment rate.Conclusion:1. The investigation finds out that there are 433 people suffer from hypertension in 1056 people aged 45 years old and above in every cities and towns of Anning; the prevalence rate of hypertension is 41%(433/1056) and the prevalence rate increases with age increases and the differences of gender in prevalence rates is not statistically significant.2. BMI index and the prevalence rate of hypertension is positively correlated in the region, the prevalence rate of groups suffer from hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, stroke, coronary heart disease are higher than non-hypertension group and the difference is statistically significant.3. The prevalence rate of hypertension the groups have bad living habits (smoking, drinking and high salt diet) is significantly higher than that of the residents don’t have bad habits and the difference is statistically significant.4. The awareness rate, treatment rate, compliance rate for hypertension awareness of the region is respectively:48.4%,25.1%,12.9% and there is no significant difference between ages and genders of the three rates, comparing with the national and other regions and having similarities and differences with them, the overall performance is higher than the level of the national and rural regions, but there is a large gap compared with the urban regions. The high-age group, women, education level, economic income and protective factors for awareness of hypertension; age group, income are protective factors for drug-taking rate; age group is a risk factor for treatment rate.5. Because of the poor economic conditions, low level of knowledge and neglect of health of the rural residents, the compliance rate is low in the region. |
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