| Background’Fetal origins’theory make people realize that health is not only related to pregnant women themslves, but aslo related to whether we can lay a good foundation for the baby’s health. Both prenatal malnutrition and nutrition surplus have adverse effects on the pregnant women and fetus. Over-nutrition leads to gaining too much weight during pregnancy, which is one of the main causes of postpartum obesity seriously affected women’s health.In the guideline provided by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), different ranges for gestational weight gain, according to pre-pregnancy BMI, have been recommended. Therefore, excessive gestational weight gain is considered as weight gain exceeding IOM recommendations. In the absence of national consensus on appropriate gestational weight gain guidelines, our data provide useful data for clinicians when providing evidence-based weight gain goals for their patients.For women of childbearing age, pregnancy is a potential risk factor for the development of obesity. Several factors might contribute to the postpartum weight retention. China’s adults over the age of18and overweight and obesity rates were of22.8%and7.1%, Overweight among urban women aged18-44the rate reached23.3%,6.6%obesity rate, and the increasing trend year by year. Most national studies came from cross-sectional survey to explore the weight retention issues, lack of advanced body composition measurement methods and techniques, lack of comprehensive monitoring queue or prospective study on body fat composition and the changes of weight retention. There is no scholar focused on the body composition changes with feeding patterns of postpartum women.ObjectivesDrawing gestational weight gain curves for different prepregnancy BMI; To discuss the influence factors of gestational weight gain; Describe the status of postpartum weight retention in Beijing; To explore the influence factors of postpartum weight retention for women.Subjects and methodsUsing the convenience sampling method,424study subjects were selected randomly who visit maternity and child care centers in the Haidian district of Beijing. The basic information are collected through searched the medical record. SAS software is used to analyzed the data.Using single factor analysis to analyze the GWG and PGR data grouping on prepregnancy BMI, maternal age, times of gestation and delivery, with and without an GDM diagnosis, different dietary nutrients intake; Using analysis method of repeated measurement data to analyze the GWG value stratified by pregnancy different prepregnancy BMI and draw GWD curves; Using multiple linear regression model to analyae the significant variables in the single factor analysis with a step-by-step method.ResultsThis survey collected a total of424expectant women. The Han people comprise94.3per cent of the total population, Manchu accounting for2.59%, Hui, Mongolian and other ethnic minorities accounted for3.01%.Socioeconomic characteristics:64.0percent of people with a bachelor and above degree,23.8percent of people with a college degree; family monthly income per capita lower than7,000yuan,7,000to10,000yuan and more than10,000yuan accounted for41.0%,27.6%,27.6%respectively.Age and times of gestation and delivery:52.1%of expectant women in the25-30years of age,25years of age and pregnant women over the age of30accounted for 14.2%and33.7%respectively; The first-time, secondary and three or more pregnancy accounted for61.6%,23.3%,15.1%respectively; The first, second and third delivery accounted for90.8%,8.02%,1.18%respectively.Gestational weight gain:The mean gestational weight gain during pregnancy is (16.8±4.65) kg.56people whose gestational weight gain<11.5kg accounting for13.2%,152people whose gestational weight gain between11.5and16kg accounting for35.9%,216people whose gestational weight gain≥16kg accounting for50.9%. The analysis of variance showed that sleep time, occupation, degree of education, pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal age, GDM, whether to take measures to control weight gain during pregnancy and the intake amount of fruit, eggs, meat, milk was statistically significant. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that sleep time, occupation, pre-pregnancy BMI, with or without GDM are the four independent variables entered into the model.Postpartum weight retention:319research subjects were collected in42days postpartum. The average weight is62.3kg,6.78kg heavier than pre-pregnancy. So the postpartum weight retention was12.6%; Six months postpartum collected a total of207study subjects whose average weight is59.4Kg, with an increase over the pre-pregnancy4.41kg. So the postpartum weight retention rate was8.42%; The analysis of variance showed degree of education, monthly income, feeding patterns, maternal age, gestational weight gain, the intake amount of energy, protein and fat was statistically significant. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, pre-pregnant BMI, gestational weight gain during pregnancy entered into the regression model.ConclutionsFistly, the mean gestational weight gain of the424cases is(16.8±4.65) kg, including200cases of pregnant women gaining too much. Women whose prepregnancy BMI is at normal levels gained weight (16.32±4.81) kg during pregnancy, slightly higher than the IOM recommendations.Secondly, Multiple linear regression analysis shows that sleep time, occupation, pre-pregnancy BMI, with or without GDM are the three independent variables entered into the model.Thirdly, all the research subjects’ average weight before pregnancy is55.0kg and the weight of prenatal is71.8kg. So the average gestational weight gain is16.8kg. The average weight in the42days postpartum is62.2kg,7.2kg heavier than prepregnancy. The mean weight in the6months postpartum is59.4kg,4.4kg heavier than prepregnancy.Fourthly, the analysis of variance showed maternal age, gestational weight gain was statistically significant. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that prepregnant BMI, gestational weight gain during pregnancy, age, feeding patterns entered into the regression model. |
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