| Alzheimer’s disease is an insidious onset of develop anddegenerative disease of the nervous system. The pathological featuresare senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, granular vacuolar ofhippocampal pyramidal cells and neuronal loss. The clinical features areinsidious onset, progressive intelligent recession without remission,accompanied by personality changes. Definite Alzheimer’s diseaseetiology is unknown. Neuropsychological examination and imagingexamination are of certain significance to the diagnosis of the disease. Ifthe diagnosis is mainly dependent on the autopsy, biopsy is helpful to thediagnosis, but final diagnosis rate is not high, and may cause a series ofcomplications including infection and so on. So far, there is no specifictreatment can reverse of prevent the progress of the Alzheimer’s disease,but in the early support, symptomatic treatment strategies on the basis ofthe cause for the intervention therapy in delaying the quality of daily lifeof patients rapid decline is very important. Methods: Retrospective cohort study method was used toinvestigate and observe the clinical information about age, gender,education, MMSE, MOCA, MRI and so on of28cases with Alzheimer’sdisease and24cases with mild cognitive impairment in our hospitalfrom December,2013to January,2015. Statistical analysis wasconducted by SPSS for mac Ver.20.0statistical software, the patients inthe two groups by using independent sample t test and P＜0.05for thedifference was significant in statistics.Results:1. No statistical significance in difference between twogroups about age, gender and the level of the education.2. Thedifference of the total score and the individual score results of bothMMSE and MOCA between the patients in AD group and MCI groupwere statistically significant.3.All patients in AD group have differentdegree decreased of the MMSE and MOCA scales score, the patients inthe MCI group with visual spatial and executive function and memory(delayed recall) scores decreased more significantly. And there werestatistically significant differences in the scores of the two groups(P<0.05).4. The sensitivity of MOCA was significantly better than thatof MMSE in MCI patients, and MMSE have a certain influence ofeducation degree.5. ADL scores were significantly higher in AD groupthan that in MCI group, there was significant difference between the twogroups (P<0.05), showed that the self-care ability of daily life of the AD patients was decreased significantly.6. The MRI of most patients ingroup AD were different degrees of brain atrophy, especially in themedial temporal lobe and hippocampal atrophy. Most MCI patients werenormal with MRI, few patients with slightly medial temporal lobeatrophy, extremely rare cases of hippocampal atrophy.Conclusions:1. All patients in AD group have different degreedecreased of the MMSE and MOCA scales score, means that all spectsof cognitive function in patients with AD were injured.2. The visualspatial, executive function and delayed memory of the MMSE andMOCA with the patients in MCI group changed obviously.3. TheMMSE scale is significant in diagnosis of moderate and severe AD.4.The sensitivity of MOCA was significantly better than that of MMSE inMCI patients, but MMSE is relatively simple to understand.5. ADLscores between the two groups was statistically significant, AD groupwere significantly higher than those of MCI group, showed that the dailylife ability of the patients in AD group is obviously changed. The ADLscale is significant in diagnosis of MCI and AD.6. MRI of the patientsin AD group have different degrees in the medial temporal lobe andhippocampal atrophy, in order to hippocampal atrophy, multi bilateralatrophy and only unilateral atrophy in the left more than in the right. Sothe positive rate in AD patients with the atrophy of hippocampus ishigher.7. Patients in group MCI showed no obvious abnormality, but also can be a slight atrophy in the medial temporal lobe andhippocampus. |
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