Saphenous Nerve And The Great Saphenous Vein Anatomy Research And Clinical Applicaiton

Objective:Research the anatomical features and the local anatomicalrelationship of the saphenous nerve, including saphenous nerve and itsnutrient vessels’ measuring and the positional relationship of thesaphenous nerve and the great saphenous vein, in order to provide theanatomical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical relateddiseases and improve the related diseases’ diagnostic accuracy andsuccess rate of surgery.Methods:60side formalin-fixed and red latex solution perfusion teachingadult cadaveric lower limb specimens, specimen integrity. Lower limbstructural lesions deformity, age unknown. Fully exposed saphenousnerve, the main nutrient vessels of the saphenous vein and the saphenousnerve. Detailed observations of the saphenous nerve anatomical featuresand Anatomical relations including the start of the saphenous nerve,course, length, width, thickness, branch distribution and its nutrientvessels walk the line length, branch diameter, and the saphenous nerveThe positional relationship of the saphenous vein.Results:1．The saphenous nerve wholly35.92±2.64cm, the longest of whichis65.20cm shortest25.84cm. Nutrient vessels4-848.33%5accounted for51.67%633.33%7accounted for only5.00%81.67%.2．Saphenous nerve segment starting point of a width of （3.41±0.72） mm, the thickness （1.31±0.25） mm, the starting point in themiddle of the width of （2.39±0.62） mm, a thickness of （1.18±0.17）mm, the next segment onwards the starting point of a width of （1.75±0.57） mm, a thickness of （1.03±0.07） mm.3. Saphenous nerve nutrition blood vessels multi-source andsegmental distribution of its proximal saphenous artery blood supply, andin the lower posterior tibial artery muscle gap artery blood supply, inaddition, there bone leather wear support and great saphenous vein-saphenous nerve nutrition blood vessel network distribution. The numberof branches of the saphenous nerve in the thigh, from0to3, and thenumber of branches of the saphenous nerve in the lower leg segments,2to5. Which patellar next branch is the longest branch of the saphenousnerve,15.00%hidden nerve patellar branch not walk through Hunter’stube, shares nervous issued within the triangle of direct shares,76.67%patellar support from the self-saphenous nerve, including80.00%fromthe bottom of the saphenous nerve before piercing the Hunter’s tube, only5.00%in the saphenous nerve Hunter’s piercing issued the anterior wallof the tube leg plate.4. Saphenous artery is the main source of artery saphenous nervenutrient vessels, of which86.67%from the knee down the artery,13.33% starting from the femoral artery. Length （7.8±2.5） cm, of which thelongest is14.3cm, the shortest2.9cm, the saphenous artery diameter （1.5±0.4） mm, saphenous artery in the medial epicondyle of the femur at8.03±0.34cm below the wear the deep fascia, here in front of thesaphenous nerve accounted for46.67%（28sides）,36.670%（22） ofthe deep surface of the nerve, nerve edge accounted for16.67%（10sides）5. Posterior tibial artery muscle gap support in the calf paragraph1to3, the outer diameter （1.53±0.47） mm;2to3middle diameter（0.65±0.21） mm; under paragraph1to4an outer diameter of （0.72±0.23） mm.6．Saphenous nerve and great saphenous vein in the leg on eachother closely associated with the line, the two positional relationshipbetween the three types of calf1/3,76.67%of saphenous vein are mainlylocated in front of the saphenous nerve,16.67%of the intravenous line inthe light of the nerve, only6.67%of the veins in the back of the nerve, noveins and nerves entwined phenomenon between the two neural stem.1/3leg, both positional relationship between the four types,43.33%of thevein is located in front of the nerve, vein of38.33%between neural stem,10%of the vein is located in the back of the nerve,8.33%intravenoussuperficial surface of the nerve, no intertwining phenomenon veins andnerves.1/3of the lower leg, the two positional relationship there are five types,35.00%vein is located in front of the nerve,31.67%vein is locatedbetween the two neural stem,18.33%of the vein is located in the back ofthe nerve,11.67%intertwining of veins and nerves,5.00%vein is locatedin the superficial surface of the nerve.Conclusion:1. Saphenous nerve and its infrapatellar branch piercing the Hunter’stube anterior tendon plate, the nerve is sandwiched between the adductormagnus and vastus medialis tendon, the tendons don’t have contraction,so when strenuous exercise, the muscle contract strong will easily lead tothe mechanical entrapment of saphenous nerve or patellar branch.2. In the calf, the lower1/3of the saphenous nerve and greatsaphenous vein closely with the line, neurological and veins entangledand vein is sandwiched between the two neural stem in two sections ofthe great saphenous vein stripping easy caused by saphenous nerve injury.Result in the limb after temporary or permanent skin feeling disappear orchange.3．Saphenous nerve with vascular pedicle flap or fascia operation issimple, rich and reliable blood supply, flap design flexible,transplantation and other advantages.