Ameliorative Effects Of Hydorlyzates Of Ginsenosides On Learning And Memory Dysfunction Caused By Chronic Stress

Panax Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey), a famous Traditional Chinese Medicine, has a long hsitory been used as sedative and memory enhancing agents, and is one of the most studied herb medicine. It is well known that ginsenosides are the main bioactive components of ginseng. Compared to ginsenosides, aglycone or prosapogenin produced by ginsenosides hydrolyzing and desugaring, have a higher oral absorption rate, stronger bioactivity and lower toxicity. Therefore, in this study, three learning and memory dysfunction mice model which induced by chronic sleep disturbing, chronic restraint and intraperitoneal administration of scopolamine were used to evaluate the memory enhancing effects and its mechanism of ginsenodides hydrolysate DS-1227.The chronic sleep disturbing procedure was conducted by a computer-controlled rotary roller (parameter settings:lmin/rev., rest 2min after 1 rev., rotation direction in random, experiment duration was 14 day). Chronic restraint and intraperitoneal administration of scopolamine were carried out by the process our group previous established.DS-1227 had a significant ameliorative effects on learning and memory dysfunction caused by chronic sleep disturbing stress. Compared to control group, oral administration of DS-1227 (50mg/kg、100mg/kg) could significantly increase the relative distinguish index (P< 0.05), decrease the latency in place navigation (P< 0.05) of model mice.The results of neurotransmitters test showed that the memory enhancing effects of DS-1227 may mediated by the upregulation of hippocampal norepinephrine, serotonin, acetylcholine and glutamate levels.DS-1227 had a significant ameliorative effects on learning and memory dysfunction caused by chronic restraint stress. Compared to control group, oral administration of DS-1227 (100mg/kg) could significantly increase the relative distinguish index (P< 0.05) and the number of cross in probe phase of Morris water mize test(P< 0.05), decrease the latency in place navigation (P< 0.05) of model mice.DS-1227 had a significant ameliorative effects on learning and memory dysfunction induced by intraperitoneal administration of scopolamine. Compared to control group, oral administration of DS-1227 (25mg/kg,50mg/kg) could significantly increase the relative distinguish index (P< 0.05), decrease the latency in place navigation (P<0.05) of model mice.In addition to memory enhanceing, DS-1227 also showed antidepressant effects. Compared to control group, oral administration of DS-1227 could significantly decrease motionless time in tail suspension and forced-swimming test (p<0.05) of chronic sleep disturbing and chronic restraint mice.In conclusion, ginsenodides hydrolysate DS-1227 had significant ameliorative effects on learning and memory dysfunction caused by chronic sleep disturbing, chronic restraint and intraperitoneal administration of scopolamine and had antidepressant effects to some extent. The results of this study could provide some scientific evidence of devolping memory enhancing medication and function food derived form ginsen.