The Correlation Between Intestinal Dysbacteriosis And Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition(EMT) In Colorectal Cancer

Objective: To analysis the relationship between the intestinal dysbacteriosis and EMT phenomenon and clinical and pathological characteristics including colorectal cancer histological type, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, to explore the intestinal dysbacteriosis and EMT phenomenon may play a roal in the occurrence and infiltrative metastasis of colorectal cancer, to explore the correlation between intestinal dysbacteriosis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition(EMT) in colorectal cancer by comparing the intestinal flora disturbance in patients with colorectal cancer and normal volunteers and detecting the expression of EMT related factors(E-cadherin, Slug, Zo-1) in colorectal cancer tissues. It provides a theoretical basis for explain the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer, and a new idea for the screening and early diagnosis of colorectal cancer.Methords: According to the criteria,research objects were selected from surgical oncology of Hebei Medical University Affiliated Tangshan Gongren Hospital, september 2013 and september 2014 hospitalized patients with colorectal cancer and patients’ families. They were 61 cases and 60 cases respective.Using faces direct smear method to compare the intestinal dysbacteriosis between patients with colorectal cancer and normal volunteers.Taking the patients’ paraffin archive wax block including tumor tissues and corresponding disease-free mucosa tissue adjacent to carcinoma(over than 5 cm from the tumor, pathology confirmed no cancer cells), and using streptomycin avidin peroxidase immunohistochemical staining method(SP) to test the expression of EMT related factors(E-cadherin, Slug, Zo-1) in the rest colorectal cancer tissue and adjacent disease-free mucosa.The software SPSS version 13.0 was used for statistical analysis. The data were analyzed that relate the difference of microdysbacteriosis between colorectal cancer patients and normal volunteers, different expression of EMT related factors(E-cadherin, Slug, Zo-1) in tissues of colorectal cancer patients. Count data were showed by percentage.Positive rate were analyzed by chi-square test. If P<0.05, the difference was statistically significant.Results: The positive rate of intestinal dysbacteriosis in colorectal cancer group was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05). The positive rate of alteration of intestinal flora was related to TNM stages of colorectal cancer in the patients. The positive rate in TNM Ⅲand TNM Ⅳwere significantly higher than those in TNM and TNM respectively, the difference of which Ⅰ Ⅱhad statistical significance(P<0.05). In colorectal cancer patients, the positive rate was not related with the patient’s sex, age, the site of tumor and lymphatic metastasis(P>0.05).The expressed status of E-cadherin, Zo-1, Slug factors in carcinoma and the corresponding pericarcinous tissues of colorectal cancer patients: The expression levels of E-cadherin and Zo-1 protein in carcinoma tissues were significantly lower than them in the corresponding pericarcinous tissues(P<0.05). The expression level of Slug protein in carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in the corresponding pericarcinous tissues(P<0.05).The relationship between the expressions of E cadherin, Zo-1, Slug protein in colorectal carcinoma tissues and clinical pathological features: in carcinoma tissues, the rate of lack of E-cadherin protein in patients with lymph node metastasis is significantly higher than patients without lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). The rate of lack of E-cadherin protein in colorectal cancer patients with TNM Ⅲ, Ⅳwas significantly higher than TNM Ⅰ, Ⅱ(P<0.05). The positive rate of Slug protein in patients with lymph node metastasis was obviously higher than that of patients without lymph node metastasis, and the positive rate of Zo-1 protein in patients with lymph node metastasis was obviously lower than that of patients without lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). The positive rate of Zo-1 protein in patients with TNM Ⅲ, Ⅳwas obviously lower than that of patients with TNM Ⅰ, Ⅱ and the positive rate of Slug protein obviously higher than that of patients with TNM Ⅰ, Ⅱ(P<0.05). In different gender, age, tumor growth of patients with colorectal cancer, the positive rate of expression of E-cadherin, Zo-1, Slug protein in cancer tissues was statistically significant(P<0.05).The expression of E-cadherin, Slug, Zo-1 in the two groups, which one group is colorectal carcinoma tissues with intestinal dysbacteriosis and the other group is normal intestinal flora in colorectal carcinoma tissue: the negative expression of E-cadherin in intestinal dysbacteriosis and normal intestinal flora group was no statistically significant(P>0.05), and the positive expression of Slug, Zo-1 was no statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:1 The intestinal dysbacteriosis of patients with colorectal cancer compared with normal volunteers’ is increasing significantly.2 The positive rate of intestinal dysbacteriosis is associated with TNM stages of colorectal cancer, namely the later TNM stages the higher positive rate of intestinal dysbacteriosis.3 Direct fecal smear test is significance onclinical for the diagnosia of colorectal cancer, and it can be used as a clinical examination method such as the screening of colorectal cancer and early diagnosis.4 In colorectal carcinoma tissues,the expression of EMT related factors(E-cadherin, Zo-1) significantly reduced and the Slug protein upregulated.5 The expression of EMT related factors(E-cadherin, Slug, Zo-1) associated with the colorectal cancer with lymphatic metastasis and TNM stages, remaindering the EMT related factors closely associated with the occurrence, invasion, metastasis and prognosis of colorectal cancer.6 E-cadherin, Slug, Zo-1 as related factors in the process of EMT, we can see that EMT plays an important role in the occurrence of colorectal cancer and the development process.7 It still can not determine that the intestinal dysbacteriosis correlated with the occurrence of EMT of colorectal cancer.