| Objective: Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system, which accounting for 1%-2% of the systemic cancer, its incidence and mortality rate is ranked first of urinary malignant tumor. According to statistics, in 2014 the United States the number of new cases of bladder cancer was 74,690 cases, deaths was 15,580 cases; in 2003-2007 the overall incidence rate was 6.69/100,000, the mortality rate was 2.53/100,000, and an upward trend in china. There is a relationship between the development of tumor and cell cycle. If the cell cycle regulation is abnormal, the damaged DNA lack of timely repair, the cell division is continued, the normal cells will be converted to cancer cells. The clinical biological characteristics are multiple, easy to relapse and easy to transfer. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer is the problem of clinical which need to be resolved. Currently, the search for the pathogenesis of bladder cancer is still in its infancy, current research results show that multiple genes involved in the regulationin in the event and of development of bladder cancer. PCDH17 is a tumor suppressor gene, which is one of the original members of the cadherin superfamily of proteins. Located on the chromosome 13q21.2 of human, which encodes a calcium-dependent transmembrane protein. Currently, its function in the field of neurobiology have more research, mainly involved in cell development, skeletal formation, cell-cell type conductivity, cell adhesion, migration and the like. Expressed in the presence of a variety of tumors reduced or absent, involved in the development of tumors. The study is a new hot spot in recent years. In this study, we use immunohistochemical detection the expression of PCDH17 in bladder carcinoma, explore the relationship between the expression of PCDH17 in bladder carcinoma and clinicopathological features, prognosis.Methods: Our study included 91 specimens of bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma and 18 specimens of normal bladder mucosain in Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from February 2009 to December 2013. Inclusion criteria were first found in Bladder Urinary tract epithelial carcinoma, diagnosised of bladder transitional cell carcinoma by histopathological, single bladder cancer. The bladder mucosa separated from patients with bladder stones who not accepted anticancer treatment. Pathological grade reference the grading standards of WHO2004. According to TNM2009 stage: Non-muscle invasive type(Tx, Ta, Tis, T1) and the muscle invasive(T2, T3, T4). There were 64 males and 27 females, whose ages varied from 26 to 88 years, and the median age was 64 years; age≤65 years old in 43 cases; age>65 years old in 48 cases; 29 cases of solitary tumors; multiple tumors of 62 cases; tumor diameter≤3cm in 50 cases; diameter>3cm in 41 cases; 48 cases of papillary tumors, 43 cases of non-papillary tumors; 52 cases of nonmuscle invasive tumors, 39 cases of muscle invasive tumor; 49 cases of low malignant potential urothelial papilloma(PUNLMP), 25 cases of low-grade tumors, 17 cases of high- grade tumors. PCDH17 expression of specimens were detectd with immunohistochemistry(ABC method). We analyzed experimental data and clinical data with correlation analysis, Logistic regression analysis using SPSS 16.0 software. There was statistically significant difference when P<0.05 in the test.Results:1 The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of PCDH17 protein was primarily expressed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of bladder epithelium.The positive rates of PCDH17 expression were 100%(18/18)in normal bladder mucosa; and 40.0%(36/91)in Bladder Urinary tract epithelial carcinoma respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups(P <0.01)..2 The positive rate of PCDH17 expression of Bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma in male group and female group were 40.6%(26/64) and 37.0%(10/27) respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).3 In bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma tissues of younger age group(<65 years) and old age group(≥65 years), the positive rates of PCDH17 were 46.5%(20/43) and 33.3%(16/48) respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).4 The positive rate of PCDH17 expression of bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma in single tumor group and multiple group were 37.9%(11/29) and 40.3%(25/62) respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).5 The positive rate of PCDH17 expressions of bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma having a diameter less than 3cm was 54.0%(27/50), and that of Bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma have a diameter larger than 3cm was 22.0%(9/41), and there was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).6 The positive rate of PCDH17 expression of bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma in Papillary cancer group and non-papillary tumor group were 45.8%(22/48) and 32.6%(14/43) respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).7 The positive rate of PCDH17 expression of bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma in the group of PUNLMP, low-level and high-level were 55.1%(27/49), 28.0%(7/25)and 11.8%(2/17) respectively, and there was significantly difference among the three groups(P<0.05).8 In noninvasive bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma and invasive bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma tissues the positive rate of PCDH17 expression were 52.0%(27/52) and 23.0%(9/39) respectively,and there was significant difference(P<0.05).9 Based on the results of logistic regression analysis, logistic regression equation has statistically significant(X2=25.318, P=0.000). In the 55 cases bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma which PCDH17 expression negative, with logistic regression equation to predict 44 cases were negative, accuracy was 80.0%(44/55); in the 36 cases bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma which PCDH17 expression positive, with logistic regression equation to predict 21 cases were positive, accuracy was 69.4%(25/36); the overall accuracy was 75.8%(69/91), instructions that the model was better for predict the expression of PCDH17. Tumor grade, pathologic stage, tumor diameter into the model, associated with PCDH17 expression in bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma(P<0.05); while the patient’s sex, age, number of tumors and tumor morphology were not entered into the model, can be considered not associated with PCDH17 expression in bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma(P> 0.05).Conclusion:1 The immunohistochemical results show the PCDH17 protein is primarily expressed in cytoplasm and the nucleus of tumor cell. The positive expression of PCDH17 in bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma group is significantly lower than that in normal bladder mucosa group. which suggests that the PCDH17 may be involved in migration and invasion of tumor cell, promoting the development of bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma.2 The positive rate of PCDH17 expression is significantly reduced in bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma with higher grade or stage, larger diameter. PCDH17 expression shows no significant difference either in age groups or in gender groups or in different forms of cancer groups. PCDH17 expression of tumor tissues is positively correlated with size, differentiation and invasion of tumor,whereas there is no correlation between PCDH17 expression in tumor age, gender, number of tumors. Lower PCDH17 expression of bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma may enhance invasion ability of tumor cell, which promotes growth, invasion and recurrence of bladder urinary tract epithelial carcinoma. |
PDF Full Text Request