Research Progress Of Primary Sinonasal Maligant Melanoma

Sinonasal maligant melanoma is a rare disease, but its incidence appears to be increasing. The mean age at diagnosis is between 65 and 70 years. Unilateral nasal obstruction and epistaxis are the most common presenting complaints. Melanoma arises in the septum or lateral wall of the nasal cavity in the great majority of cases. The diagnosis is based on histological examination of tumour biopsies. The histological diagnosis is based on specific immunohistochemical labelling. A general consensus has been reached to consider surgery as first-line treatment. Sinonasal maligant melanoma are generally considered to be poorly radiosensitive. Radiotherapy is classically indicated in the presence of positive surgical margins, local recurrence, locally advanced tumour, or sometimes for palliative purposes or when the patient refuses surgery.Adjuvant radiotherapy is usually performed due to its efficacy on local and regional disease control. Chemotherapy is classically indicated for palliative treatmentor in metastatic patients. Five-year overall survival of mucosal melanoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in the mostrecent series does not exceed 40%. Local recurrence is observed in about 50% of cases and metastatic disease is common. Sinonasal maligant melanoma often have non-specific symptoms, so it is usually established at an advanced stage of disease and had a poor prognosis. The latest domestic and foreign literature was summarized and analysised comprehensively to explore research progress of sinonasal maligant melanoma. Expected to provide a theoretical basis for treatment.