| ObjectivesThis study aimed to learn the epidemic status and risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases in Chaoyang District, Beijing. And analyze the level of chornic knowledge related of residents, definite the prior chronic problem and intervention group to improve the region’s chronic disease prevention and control planning and its evaluation work.MethodsCollecting information of major chronic condition and its risk factors from the field survey which was conducted in a total of 33,647 people in 14 streets selected using cluster random sampling in Chaoyang District, Beijing, including questionnaires and physical measurements. The data was analyzed with IBM SPSS 21.0.Results1 33,647 adulted residents were questionnaire which of 14054(42.0%) were males,19593(58.0%) were females, with an average age of 50.6 ± 16.2,52.4 ± 15.5 years old, respectively.2 The prevalence of hypertension was 37.2%(27.6% of standardized rate), and its prevalence of male was higher than female(X2=77.39, P<0.001). The higher education level was, the lower prevalence of hypertension was(X2 trend= 1169.62, P <0.001). Self-reported hypertension prevalence was 20.6% and 57.3% hypertension awareness.Risk factors for hypertension were male, older age, overweight and obesity, central obesity, dyslipidemia, and protective factors were high levels of education, urban household registration. The prevalence of hypertension was in the steady level from 2008 to 2014 (X2= 1.10, P= 0.576).3 Diabetes prevalence was 14.0%(10.1% of standardized rate). The higher the education level was, the lower diabetes prevalence was (X2trend= 474.57, P <0.001). Self-reported prevalence of diabetes was 8.2%, and 58.2% diabetes awareness. Risk factors of diabete were high age, overweight and obesity, high blood pressure, patients with dyslipidemia, protective factors were high level of education, urban registration. Prevalence of hypertension increased significantly from 2008 to 2014(X2 = 241.91, P<0.001).4 Smoking rate was 15.6%, heavy smoking rate was 5.6%, and passive smoking rate was 22.0%. Drinking rate was 18.5%, which of male was 34.6%, female 7.0%; and excessive alcohol consumption rate was 8.6%, which of male was 17.7%, female 2.1%.5 67.8% of people had physical exercise every day,65.7% had more than 6000 steps, and effectively exercise was 45.2%, overweight rate was 39.0%, obesity rate was 19.7%. Risk factors of overweight and obesity were high age, minorities, low education level. The rate of overweight and obesity was in a stable level in recent years. Central obesity rate was 62.1%, which of male was 64.1%, female 60.6%. The rate of male was higher than women (X2= 1562.82, P<0.001) which showed there was an increasing trend (X2= 700.62, P<0.001).6 Dyslipidemia prevalence was 41.4%(36.8% of standard rate). Its prevalence of male was higher than women (X2= 125.158, P <0.001).Self-reported prevalence of dyslipidemia was 10.9%, and dyslipidemia awareness was 28.1%. Dyslipidemia was increasing, especially in young people in recent years,.Conclusions1 Prevalence of hypertension and diabetes were higher than the national average in Chaoyang District, Beijing,2014,.2 The prevalence of hypertension had been at a stable level since 2008, while diabetes prevalence was in a rapid upswing.3 Risk factors of smoking, drinking were improved significantly and protective factor of effective exercise also had a prominent improvement in the people of hypertension and diabetes. There had a stable level of overweight and obesity since 2008, while central obesity was growing rapidly.4 Common risk factors were male, older age, farmer/forestry/operations staff, widowed smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and blood lipid levels of hypertension and diabetes. Common protective factors were urban household registration, high level of education and the dietary intake meeted the demand of RNI. |
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