Experimental Study Of Laparoscopic Chronic Indwelling Multi-vascular Catheterization In Miniature Pigs

Laparoscopic surgery is aburgeoning discipline in surgical field, and is one of the developing directions infuture. Becauseof the excellent visualization, minimally invasive, less pain, faster recovery and other advantages, it has been widely applied in clinical diagnosis and surgical operation in human medicine field. However, it is relatively undeveloped in the veterinary field relatively. The technique of placing chronic indwelling catheters was usually used in chronically quantifying net absorption of nutrients and gut metabolites of the gastrointestinal tract in conscious animal. Few methods of laparoscopic multi-vascular catheterizationwere reported inminiature pigs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design and perform the laparoscopic chronic indwelling catheters placing and to evaluate the feasibility, security and practicability of laparoscopic multi-vascular catheterizationin miniature pigs.12 miniature pigs were randomly selected for two groups, laparoscopic group and sham operation group. The sham operation group was only encountered the same anesthesia and pneumoperitoneum.The surgical procedureof laparoscopic surgery group was described at pneumoperitoneum pressure of 10 mm Hg, anddealt with ‘four portals method’, through catheter passagesestablishment, vassals puncture, cathetersinserition and cathetersanchor, finished placing the chronic catheters in portal vein, ileal vein, and abdominal aorta.Laparoscopic multi-vascular catheterization was successfully completed in 6 miniature pigs. The mean operation timewas 130 min,and the total incisionsof the portalswas 2.5cm. During the operation, every physical signs and clinical signs was calm, the respiratory and circulatoryindicators were within the normal tolerance range either. There was no significant difference between groups, without major hemorrhage and other complications.All miniature pigs were with good mental state, food consumption and fecal output were recovered normally 3days after operation.Inflammatory and stress reaction were just happened for a short while after surgery.The number of WBC in whole blood was raised, and the serum concentration of COR, IL-6, CRP were also increased. All of the inflammatory and stress reaction indicators returned to preoperative levels within 5days after surgery. The hepatic and kidney function indicators had no significant difference compared with the sham operation groupin the postoperative periods.All incisions were healedwithin 7 days postoperation by first intention.Every catheter was fixed well and blood samples could be acquired conveniently. In addition, portal blood flow rate was successfully meassueredduring the period of preprandialand postprandial,onthe day of 7d and 30 d postoperation.The repeat laparoscopic check procedure was dealt on the day of 30 dpostoperation and the abdomen was normally and without any adhesions as well.Based on the experiment results above, conclusions could beobtainedas follows:(1)Laparoscopic multi-vascular catheterization was accomplished successfully, so it was indicatedthat the method was feasible in miniature pigs.(2)Clinical signs of respiratory and circulatory system were monitored during the operation and without adverse reactions, every indicators of physical function was also recovered well after surgery,and it was proved that the laparoscopic multi-vascular catheterizationwas secure on miniature pigs.(3)The portal blood flow rate during the period of preprandial and postprandial were successfully estimated, meanwile, it was proved that the laparoscopic multi-vascular catheterizationwas practical in miniature pigs.