| Objectives:Recent research has shown that pleiotrophin (PTN) is one mechanosensitive gene, mechanical strain plays a key role in its expression. It is proved that PTN is implicated in the response of bone cells to mechanical strain, and maybe has an important effect on trabecular bone remodeling. To evaluate the effect of PTN on bone metabolism, postmenopausal osteoporosis animal models rats were established by ovariectomy, bone mineral density, bone morphometric parameters and trabecular three-dimensional structure were analysed.Methods:(1) Twelve female rats, four months old, were divided randomly into following four groups (n=3/group):shamed-operated group (SHAM group), Ovariectomized group (OVX group), Human parathyroid hormone group (PTH group) and PTN group. Except SHAM operation group of which a small piece of adipose tissue was cut off, other groups underwent bilateral ovariectomy under general anesthesia with 0.3ml/Kg chloral hydrate.(2) All rats were intervened per day separately since 10 weeks after the ovariectomy. SHAM and OVX groups were received subcutaneous injection of 0.2ml/d sodium chloride solution, PTH group were given subcutaneous injection with 20μg/Kg/d PTH, PTN group were injected subcutaneously with 80 μg/Kg/d PTN.(3) Pharmacological agents were administrated for consecutive 11 weeks, then sacrificed.(4) Uterus was removed and weighed. Femur was removed and cleaned of adhering muscles and connective tissues. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) was used to scanned proximal femur metaphysis to get three-dimensional trabecular reconstructed images and related parameters as follows, BMD (Bone Mineral Density), BV (Bone Volume), BS (Bone Surface), TV (Total Volume), BV/TV (Bone Volume to Total Volume), BS/BV (Bone Surface to Bone Volume), BS/TV (Bone Surface to Total Volume), Tb.N (Trabecular Number), Tb.Sp (Trabecular Separation/Spacing), Tb.Th (Trabecular Thickness), DA (Degree of Anisotropy), SMI (Structure Model Index), TBPf (Trabecular Bone Pattern factor).Result:(1) Body weight was not significantly different in each group before operation (P>0.05), whereas body weight in SHAM group was significantly lower than other groups before intervention and sacrifice, respectively (P<0.05). Uterus weight, uterus weight/body weight in SHAM group were significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05).(2) BMD and BV/TV in SHAM group were significantly higher than OVX group (P<0.01). Bone morphometric parameters in the SHAM group was showed significant increase on TB.N, Tb.Th (P<0.01, P<0.05), and significant decrease on Tb.Sp, SMI, TBPf (P<0.01) than OVX group. No statistical difference of DA was analysed when comparing SHAM group with OVX group (P>0.05).(3) BMD and BV/TV in OVX group were significantly lower than PTN group, PTH group (P <0.0\,P<0.05). Compared with OVX group, TB.N significantly increased in PTN group and PTH group (P<0.01), and Tb.Sp, TBPf significantly decreased in PTN group (P<0.05), PTH group (P<0.01). DA in OVX group was higer than PTN group and PTH group, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05).(4) BMD and BV/TV in PTH group were significantly higer than PTN group (P<0.01). The parameters of TB.N, Tb.Th in PTH group showed significant increase than PTN group (P< 0.01), and TBPf, SMI showed signicant decrease than PTN group (P<0.01), Tb.Sp was lower than PTN group, DA was higher than PTN group, but no significant difference were showed (P>0.05).(5) Three-dimensional trabecular reconstructed images showed that the number of bone trabecula was higher and the structure of bone trabecula was tighter in SHAM group. In other groups, the number of trabecular bone became lower, the thickness became thinner and the connection density gradually broke off. But bone trabecula in PTH group and PTN group were more conspicuous than OVX group.Conclusion:80μg/(kg.d) PTN has an effect on increasing bone mass and improving bone microstructure in ovariectomized rats.Objectives:Qing,e granules is one classic prescription of osteoporosis. To evaluate the therapeutic effect of PTN Qing,e modified granules including tu-chung, HimalayanTeasel Root, Cyathula officinalis Kuan, fructus psoraleae, fossil fragments, Angelica sinensis, Walnut meat on bone metabolism of postmenopausal osteoporosis, animal models rats were established by ovariectomy, bone mineral density, bone morphometric parameters and trabecular three-dimensional structure were analysed.Methods:(1) Twelve female rats, four months old, were divided randomly into following four groups (n=3/group):SHAM group, OVX group, PTH group and Qing’e granules group. Except SHAM operation group of which a small piece of adipose tissue was cut off, other groups underwent bilateral ovariectomy under general anesthesia with 0.3ml/Kg chloral hydrate.(2) All rats were intervened per day separately since 10 weeks after the ovariectomy. SHAM and OVX groups were received subcutaneous injection of 0.2ml/d sodium chloride solution, PTH group were given subcutaneous injection with 20μg/Kg/d PTH, Qing’e granules group were given 0.9mg/Kg Qing’e granules by intragastric administration. Pharmacological agents were administrated for consecutive 11 weeks, then sacrificed.(3) Pharmacological agents were administrated for consecutive 11 weeks, then sacrificed. All samples were gathered and analysed according to methods of the part one.Result:(1) Body weight was not significantly different in each group before operation (P>0.05), whereas body weight in SHAM group was significantly lower than other groups before intervention and sacrifice, respectively (P<0.05). Uterus weight, uterus weight/body weight in SHAM group were significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05).(2) BMD and BV/TV in SHAM group were significantly higher than OVX group (P<0.01). Bone morphometric parameters in the SHAM group was showed significant increase on TB.N, Tb.Th (P<0.01, P<0.05), and significant decrease on Tb.Sp, SMI, TBPf (P<0.01) than OVX group. No statistical difference of DA was analysed when comparing SHAM group with OVX group (P>0.05).(3) BMD and BV/TV in OVX group were significantly lower than Qing,e granules group (P <0.01, P>0.05). Compared with OVX group, TB.N significantly increased in Qing,e granules group (P< 0.01), and Tb.Sp, TBPf, SMI significantly decreased in Qing,e granules group (P<0.01, P<0.05). DA and Tb.Th in OVX group was lower than Qing,e granules group, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05).(4) BMD in PTH group were significantly higer than Qing,e granules group (P<0.05), BV/TV was higer than Qing,e granules group, but there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). Tb.Th in PTH group showed significant increase than Qing,e granules group (P< 0.01), and TBPf, SMI showed signicant decrease than Qing,e granules group (P<0.01, P< 0.05). Compared with PTH group, TB.N was lower and DA, Tb.Sp were higher than Qing,e granules group, but no significant difference was showed (P>0.05).(5) Three-dimensional trabecular reconstructed images showed that the number of bone trabecula was higher and the structure of bone trabecula was tighter in SHAM group. In other groups, the number of trabecula bone became lower, the thickness became thinner and the connection density gradually broke off. But bone trabecula in PTH group and Qing’e granules group were more conspicuous than OVX group.Conclusion:Qing’e modified granules has an effect on increasing bone mass and improving bone microstructure in ovariectomized rats. |
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