The Protective Effect Of Tanshinone ⅡA Sulfonic Acid Sodium Injection On Cadmium Induced Renal Damage

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of Tanshinone ⅡA sulfonic acid sodium injection(STS) on cadmium induced renal damage and its possible mechanism,and provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment of the cadmium induced renal damage.Methods:40 wistar rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, sodium selenite group(0.05mg/kg), STS group (4mg/kg), STS group (8mg/kg). the sham group was intraperitoneally injected with 0.9%sodium chloride 5ml/kg·d-1; other groups were intraperitoneally injected with cadmium chloride solution 1.4mg/kg·d-1, once a day for four weeks.After exposed to cadmium for 4 weeks, the basic condition of rats were observed, serum creatinine,the blood urea nitrogen,SOD,MDA,urinary β2-MG and renal histopathology were detected..After the success of the modeling, the sham group and model group were intraperitoneally injected with 0.9% sodium chloride 4ml/kg-d-1,the sodium selenite group was intraperitoneally injected with sodium selenite solution 0.05mg/kg·d-1, the STS group(4mg/kg and 8mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected with different doses of tanshinone Ⅱ A sulfonic acid sodium injection for 6 weeks. At the end of the test, the blood and urine were collected, and the creatinine, urea nitrogen, SOD, MDA in the blood and β2-MG in the urine were detected. The cadmium content in the Renal cortex and blood,and tissue Pathological damage of kidney were measured,flow cytometry was used to measure cell apoptosis in renal cortex, and the expression of Bax protein was observed by immunohistochemistry in renal cortex.Results:(1) After exposed to cadmium for 4 weeks, compared other groups with the sham group, serum creatinine,the blood urea nitrogen,SOD,MDA, urinary P2-MG have statistical differences(P<0.05 or P<0.01). (2) After the treatment of Tanshinone Ⅱ A sulfonic acid sodium injection, the sodium selenite group and the STS group(4mg/kg and 8mg/kg) compared with model group, renal tubular epithelial cells and glomerular morphology is only slightly damaged, urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, urinary β2-MG, cadmium content, MDA and apoptosis of renal cortical cells were significantly reduced (P<0.05 or P<0.01),SOD increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). (3) Compared with the model group, the sham group and the STS group(8mg/kg) about the protein expression of Bax were significantly different(P<0.05 orP<0.01).Conclusions:(1)Tanshinone Ⅱ A sulfonate could promote the metabolism of cadmium in rats, improve renal function, protect the renal tubules, and its protection mechanism may be associated with the antioxidant abitity of the TST.(2)Tanshinone ⅡA sulfonic acid sodium could inhibit the apoptosis of renal cortical cells through reducing the expression of Bax protein.