Chemical Compositions Of Symplocos Paniculata And Their Bioactivities

Symplocos paniculata(Thunb.) Miq. belongs to the genus Symplocos which is deciduous shrub or small tree, the family Symplocaceae. And the genus comprises 300 species, which distributes mainly in northeast, southerm, Taiwan regions. There are about 125 species in China. Many scholars studied the genus and summarized that it contains triterpenoids, flavonoids, lignans etc. Its main active ingredients can treat mastitis and lymphadenitis. To study on the chemical components and the bioactivities of Symplocos paniculata Miq.in Taibai Mountains, we should better develop and use of this plant resources.Whole grass meal of Symplocos paniculata Miq.(9.43kg) were dried and extracted with 95% of industrial ethanol for five times under room temperature conditions. The ethanolic extract was concentrated to give a residue. The residue was suspended in water and successively extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Finally, the products of 66.70 g were obtained from the extraction of petroleum ether, 103.59 g from the ethyl acetate and 64.83 g from the n-butanol. The compounds from Symplocos paniculata were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and recrystallization. Their structures were defermined by their physicochemical properties and spectral analysis(ESI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT-135, HSQC). Thirteen compounds were determined as β-Stigmasterol(G1), epitaraxerol(G2), 14-taraxeren-3-one(G3), 19α-hydroxyl acetylursolic acid(G4), ursolic acid(G5), 3-oxo-19α,23,24-trihydroxy urs-12-en-28-oic acid(G6), n-triacontanoic acid(G7), daucosterol(G8), 4,4-dimethyl heptanedioic acid(G9), 2α,3α-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid(G10), 2β,3β,23,24-tetrahydroxy-12-en-28-ursolic acid(G11), martynoside(G12) and inotodisaccharide(G13). It is the first time that the 13 compounds were isolated from Symplocos paniculata. Meanwhile, it is the first time that the compounds except compound G 1, G5, G6 were isolated from this genus.Four bacteria strains(Streptococcus lacti, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Esherichia coli)and four plant pathogenic fungi(Botrytis cirerea, Alternaria brassicae, Cytospora mandshurica, Alternaria alternata) were secected to test the 13 compounds’ antibacterial activities from Symplocos paniculata, the results show that 2β,3β,23,24-tetrahydroxy-12-en-28-ursolic acid has a better anti-bacterial activity of Streptococcus lacti, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Esherichia coli, 4,4-dimethyl heptanedioic acid are comparable to ketoconazole, which has a better antibacterial activity of Botrytis cirerea, Alternaria brassicae. Therefore they are potential antibacterial agents.The antioxidant effects of all compounds from Symplocos paniculata were tested. The results show that β-Stigmasterol has a good antioxidant, indicating that triterpenoids are worthy of further exploration and using.