Expression Of KLF4in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Skin Tissue And Its Significance

BackgroundSquamous cell carcinoma （SCC) of the skin tissue is a kind of non melanomaskin cancer (non-melanoma skin cancer, NMSC), whose incidence is secondly to thesecond common type of basal cell carcinoma of skin cancer, about25%of NMSC orso. The incidence of SCC increases gradually in the population of the whole world inthe last20years, estimated at a proportion of3%~10%each year. In the UnitedStates, the diagnosis of invasive SCC cases are more than250000people.Theincidence and growth trends of SCC is consistent with these studies reported in thedomestic. Actinic keratosis (AK) is regarded as a kind of SCC precancerous lesion,which can develop into SCC in situ and invasive SCC. This lesion found in elderlypatients with shallow color of skin, its incidence increases with the increase of age,about15times the left and right of the incidence of SCC. In the UK, the patients aremore than3millions each year because of AK, and these figures will also be risingwith the increase of the aging of the population, Bowen’s disease occurs in situ SCCof the skin, exposed parts of the skin is more common in the elderly.s Bowen’sdisease may be primary, secondary lesions may also be based on the AK.,and based on the head, face, neck, trunk and limbs is more common.In recent years, with theaging of the population increase and the worsening of environment pollution, theincidence of SCC of the skin tissue, Bowen’s disease and AK increased year by yearin eastern and western countries.The mechanism of the occurrence,development,invasion and metastasis of SCC has thus become the focus of attentionof many scholars.KLF4gene, is a zinc finger containing complex transcription factors in a varietyof human tissues widely expressed in the regulation of cell proliferation,differentiation, apoptosis, occurs during embryonic development and the developmentof a variety of malignancies may play an important effect.,which is one of the newcancer-related genes found in recent years. KLF4gene expression mainly in thegastrointestinal epithelium, skin, thymus, such as vascular endothelial cells, has adual function, depending on its microenvironment, the expression and function oftissue-specific. In addition, KLF4in tumor development and progression also displayits two-way adjustment. KLF4both as a transcriptional activator, since the role ofoncogenes, but also as a transcriptional repressor, play a role in tumor suppressorgenes, and thus participate in the regulation of normal cell function and tumor cells inthe genesis and development, the process of invasion and metastasis and prognosis.In recent years, the literature shows that the incidence of esophageal cancer,stomach cancer, bladder cancer and prostate cancer are involved in KLF4genes andproteins involved in, but the current research related to domestic KLF4gene insquamous cell carcinoma has not been reported. Therefore, this study byimmunohistochemistry SP method KLF4in skin SCC, Bowen’s disease and AKexpression levels were observed KLF4expression in AK, Bowen’s disease and SCCof the skin, the skin SCC explore the evolution of KLF4role and possiblemechanisms of the disease prevention, early diagnosis and gene therapy targeted toprovide experimental basis.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to detect KLF4in skin SCC, Bowen’s disease and AK by SP immunohistochemical method. The KLF4expression levels were observed inAK, Bowen’s disease and SCC of the skin, aim at exploring the role of KLF4in theevolution of skin SCC and the possible mechanisms of the disease prevention, earlydiagnosis and gene therapy targeted to provide experimental basis.Material and Methods1Collected20cases of squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples,15cases ofBowen’s disease tissue samples,16cases of actinic keratosis tissue samples and15cases of normal skin tissue. All specimens were from the clinic and ward patients ofthe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University dermatology from July2012toJune2013. Inclusion criteria:①All patients have been identified through pathologydiagnosis;②All patients had no history of other malignant diseases;③Ourselection of patients treated for the first time or at least four weeks before not drawnany form of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immune regulation of patients treated;④patients volunteered to participate and signed informed consent.2detected the expression of KLF4in20cases of squamous cell carcinomatissues,15cases of Bowen’s disease tissues，16cases of actinic keratosis tissues and15cases of normal skin tissue by immunohistochemistry SP method.3Statistical analysis: Using SPSSl7.0statistical package for data analysis.Thepositive rate of count data using the chi-square test to compare KLF4protein in theorganization. The positive rate of cells in the tissues of KLF4average compared witht test. Experience level a=O.05, P <O.05was considered statistically significant.Results1KLF4protein expression in SCC tissuesKLF4staining was localized in the nucleus, tan or brown particles. Normal skinKLF4protein expression was13.33%(photo1), SCC in KLF4protein expressionwas85.00%(photo4,5), compared to the two, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The positive rate of KLF4expression in normal skin cells withan average of0.36±0.23(photo1), the positive rate of SCC KLF4protein expressionin cells with an average of6.11±0.27(photo4,5), compared to the two, thedifference is statistically significance (P <0.05).2KLF4protein expression in tissues of Bowen’s diseaseNormal skin KLF4protein expression was13.33%(photo1), Bowen’s disease tissueKLF4protein expression was73.33%(photo3), compared to the two, the differencewas statistically significant (P <0.05). The positive rate of KLF4expression in normalskin cells with an average of0.36±0.23(photo1), Bowen’s disease tissue KLF4positive rate of protein expressing cells with an average of5.99±0.43(photo3),compared to the two, the difference statistically significant (P <0.05).3AK KLF4protein expression in tissuesNormal skin KLF4protein expression was13.33%(photo1), AK tissue KLF4proteinexpression was31.25%(photo2), compared to the two, the difference was notstatistically significant (P>0.05). The positive rate of KLF4expression in normalskin cells with an average of0.36±0.23(photo1), AK, the positive rate of KLF4expression in cells with an average of1.85±0.92(photo2), compared to the two,the difference was not statistically significance (P>0.05).KLF4protein in the SCC, Bowen’s disease, AK expression pairwise comparisondisplay, SCC organization and Bowen’s disease tissue KLF4protein positive rate,both compared to the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). SCCorganization and Bowen’s disease tissue cells mean KLF4protein positive ratecompared to the two, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05); SCCAK tissue and tissue expression of KLF4-positive rate, compared to the two, thedifferences statistically significant (P <0.05). SCC AK tissue and tissue cells KLF4 protein positive rate averages, compared the two, the difference was statisticallysignificant (P <0.05); Bowen’s disease tissue and tissue expression of KLF4AK-positive rate, compared to the two, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Bowen’s disease tissue organization and AK KLF4positive cells in theaverage rate of protein, compared to the two, the difference was statisticallysignificant (P <0.05).ConclusionsKLF4expression was significantly higher in squamous cell carcinoma;KLF4may play an important role in the occurrence and metastasis of cutaneous squamouscell carcinoma.