The Study On The Correlation Between Choking And The Brain Injury,the Expression Of S100B, ICAM During Recovery Period In Craniotomy Dog

ObjectiveTo estimate brain damages after cerebral quader ectomy with cough rea ction,the concentrations of S100b protein、the cell adhesion mole culars (ICAM-1) were detrmined by immunohistochemistry.At the same time to explain the me ch ani sm of brain sencondary damage in early stage of associated cough reflex.MethodsBased on model of craniotomy, thirty mongrel dogs with a mean weight of10.5～15kg were studied, all mongrel dogs were randomly divided into three groups: experimental cough reflex group A (n=10), inhibitor cough reflex group B (n=10),normal control group C (n=10), Anesthesia was maintained with intravenous3%30mg/kg Pentobarbital hydrochloride and cisatracurium0.1mg/kg,the ventilator rate and volume were adjusted to maintain the SpO2around100%.Catheters were placed in the right femoral vein and artery to measure blood pressure and to draw blood samples. Cerebral dura mater of all groups will be cut open by cranial drill after craniotomy. As soon as restore the spontaneous breathing, catheter was also placed in the epidural;Capsaicin (1000umol/L) was delivered via dosimeter and one-way (inspiratory) valve attach to a side port in the group A and B;Cisatracurium was injected in the group B before inhaling capsaicin (1000umol/L). Saline was delivered via dosimeter attach to the group C. Reflex cough response in group A is equal or greater than5. In order to evaluate hemodynamics, heart rates(HR)、mean arterial blood pressure(MAP) were measured with Philips montor,Intracranial pressure (ICP) were also measured with Integra neurosciences camino at the following times pre-induction(T1)、inspiratory atomized liquid split-second (T2)、 inspiratory atomized liquid lmin (T3)、inspiratory atomized liquid5min(T4).Sampling protocolBlood samples were collected from the right great saphenous veins at the follo wing times:(T1)pre-induction、inspiratory atomized liquid5min(T4).Serum was ob tained by centrifugation (3000X g,min) and stored at-20℃prior to analysis.Assay systemAll mongrel dogs sacrificed at24h after cerebral quader ectomy for the further measurements. The concentrations of S100B> ICAM-1was determined by immuohistochemical method (SP) consisting of purified antibodies specific for the Rabbit Anti CD54(ICAM-1), rat S100B.All antibodies crossreacted with cannie proteins and results were expressed as Brown granule Duplicate measurements were performed on each sample.Differences between samples were evaluated by Mann-Whitney U analysis of variance.Continuous variables are summarized as mean and SD in the text and as mean and SE in the figures.And the morphological changes of the animal brain were obserbed by computed tomography scan(CT); and light microscope. The immunostaining results were measured with Mann-Whitney U analysis. Analysis of correlation among them were performed. Resultshemodynamics responsesThe HR rates MAP and ICP enhanced rapidly during cough reflex after in halation of Capsaicins.S100B、ICAM-1responsesS100B concentration in serum of group A after cough relex showed a signi ficant increase than group B and C (0.54±0.31ng/ml of group A vs0.31±0.20ng/ml of group B,0.30±0.18ng/ml of group C) It was0.10+0.05ng/ml before pre-induction in all mongrel dogs.S100B concentration in serum of group A increased sharply after cough reflex immuohistochemical responses showed S100B、ICAM-1markers in group A also prior to the other group.This change showed a significant difference(P<0.05), There was statistical significance in Secondary brain injury during cough reflex.Conclusion1)It can be used to authenticate degree of cough reaction by checking out the S100B, ICAM-1markers in cerebral quader.2)Contrasted to the penetrating craniocerebral wounds model, The Sur vi val rate of cerebral quader ectomy model are high,it can be to observe pathological, physiological and ultramicrostructure change better3) The cough reflex is in concordance with the secondary brain injury.