Influencing Factors Of Self-efficacy In Detoxification Patients With Heroin Dependence

Objective1. To investigate the self-efficacy status of patients with heroin dependence in detoxification.2. To assess the level of quality of life, psychological status, social support and family function of patients with heroin dependence in detoxification.3. To explore the associated factors interfering self-efficacy among demographic characteristics, substance abuse, physical status, psychological status, social support and family function.MethodA cross-sectional study was used in the research.127participants were recruited between November2012to December2013at An Kang Hospital, Tianjin, China. At the baseline, a general questionnaire designed by the investigators was administrated to collect patients’demographic characteristics and substance abuse data. The questionnaire included age, gender, marriage, education, occupation, income, duration of using heroin, major method of heroin use, daily dose of heroin use, times of abstinence, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking. Assessment scales included Quality of Life for Drug Addicts (QOL-DA), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Family APGAR Index. General Self-efficacy Scale was used to evaluate the self-efficacy of patients with heroin dependence in detoxification. The variables were examined for their association with self-efficacy by univariate analysis and correlation analysis. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was performed to explore the potential factors of self-efficacy.ResultsA total of127participants with heroin dependence in detoxification were enrolled. The average score of the self-efficacy was21.32±2.58, which was at a low level. According to the classification standard of self-efficacy, among127cases,58 (45.6%) participants were in the low level.67(52.8%) participants were in the middle level. Only2(1.6%) heroin addicts had high self-efficacy level. The univariate analysis and correlation analysis revealed that age, education, economic, major method of heroin use, daily dose of heroin use, times of abstinence, physical function, psychological status, objective support, subjective support, utilization degree of support, social support scores, anxiety, depression and family function were significant variables for the self-efficacy among patients with heroin dependence in detoxification. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that social support (β=0.345, P=0.000), depression (β=-0.168, P=0.019), family function (β=0.292, P=0.000), psychological status (β=0.226, P=0.001), daily dose of heroin use (β=-0.141, P=0.046) and age (β=-0.134, P=0.048) were significantly associated factors of self-efficacy.ConclusionsThe levels of self-efficacy among patients with heroin dependence in detoxification are low, which shows that the self-efficacy need be improved and clinical medical staffs should pay more attention to the self-efficacy level of patients with heroin dependence in detoxification. Age, daily dose of heroin use, psychological status, social support, depression and family function are significantly associated with self-efficacy. Age, daily dose of heroin use and depression are negatively correlated with self-efficacy. Psychological function, social support and family function are positively correlated with self-efficacy level, which suggests that clinical medical staffs should take effective measures to improve the self-efficacy level of patients with heroin dependence in detoxification so as to promote the quality of rehabilitation.