Expression And Biological Significance Of IFN-γ And IL-4in Synoviun Of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Objective:Rheumatoid arthritis is a kind of chronic general auto-immuned disease which is charactered with symmetry, sexual and aggressive synovitis in joints. The fundamental pathological change is chronic inflammation of the joint synovial leading to synovial hyperplasia of fibroblasts and a large number of lymphocytes, macrophages infiltration. It shows that the infiltration and exudation of lymphocyte is the key factor in rheumatoid arthritis and T lymphocyte is dominated. The activation of CD4+T cells subgroup and the secretion of cytokines is the main factor causing the immune damage. In recent years, helper T cells (help T cell, Th) Th1and Th2(Th1/Th2) cells and their secretion of cytokines imbalance level is found closely related to RA. The imbalance between proinflammatory factor and anti-inflammatory factor in rheumatoid arthritis leads to the autoimmune disease.In order to research the effect of IFN-y and IL-4in rheumatoid arthritis, the expression and distribution of IFN-y and IL-4in synovial membrane cells and synovial tissue were detected using immunohistochemical method.Matrils and Methods:42cases synovium tissues of RA patients during January to october in Tianjin hospital were collected.10cases of osteoarthritis(OA) synovium were collected as the control group.The tissues of all cases were fixed by neutral buffered formalin, embedded by paraffin, and were section thicked4μm. The expression of the antibodies of IFN-γ and IL-4inrheumatoid arthritis synovium and osteoarthritis synovium were decected with immunmhistochemistry EnVision method. The Data were analysed by SPSS17.0. The positive rates of IFN-γ and IL-4in RA and OA were compared with chi-square test. The expressive intensities of IFN-γ and IL-4in RA and OA were compared with rank sum test.Spearman rank correlation test was used to evaluate the correlation between the expression of IFN-γ and IL-4.Results: 1. The expressional rates of IFN-γ in synoviun of RA and OA were93.0%(39/42) and90.0%(9/10).The positive expressional rate of IFN-γ was higher than that of OA(P<0.05).the staining intensity of IFN-γ in RA group was significantly higher than that in OA group.(P<0.05);2. The expressional rates of IL-4in synoviun of RA and OA were66.7%(28/42) and30.0%(3/10).The staining intensity of IL-4in RA group was significantly higher than that of OA(P<0.05). The positive expressional rates of IL-4in RA group was higher than that in OA group, but there was no markedly differential in statistics.(P<0.05);3. The positive expressional rate of IFN-γ in lining cell of RA(90.5%,(38/42))was lower than that in the subsynovial tissue of RA (92.9%,(39/42)), but there was no markedly differential in statistics.(P>0.05).4. The positive expressional rate of IL-4in lining cell of RA (47.6%,(20/42)) was lower than that in the subsynovial tissue of RA (64.3%,(27/42)), but there was no markedly differential in statistics.(P>0.05).5. By Spearman rank correlation test, the expressional rate of IFN-γ was negatively correlated with that of IL-4.Conclusion:1. The positive expressional rate and staining intensity of IFN-γ in RA group was higher than that in OA group. IFN-γ may play an important role in the RA pathogenesis.2. The positive expressional rates of IL-4were not significant different from one another in synoviun of RA and OA. the positive expressional rate of IL-4was lower than that of IFN-γ, which may decrease the protection of IL-4and promote the development of RA.3. IFN-γ and IL-4had no different positive expressional rates in synovium and subsynovial tissue of RA. And we deduced that IFN-γ and IL-4had no different expressive rates.4. The expressional rate of IFN-γ was negatively correlated with that of IL-4.Herein,it suggests that the imbalance of IFN-γ/IL-4expression and The imbalance of Th1/Th2cells plays a certain role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.