The Research On The Incentive Mechanism Of Donation Of Cardiac Death (DCD) Based On Two-factor Theory

BackgroundIn1954, the doctor of Joseph-Murray have successfully performed the first case of renal transplant,that opened the first organ transplantation medicine.China’s organ donation cause had already passed more than half a century of development, with immunosuppressive drugs research and the progress of medical technology.Organ transplantation has saved the lives of many patients with end-stage organ failure, but the "bottleneck" of the organ transplantation, the huge gap between supply and demand is still severe restricts the all-round development of our country’s organ transplant business. Western countries also have experienced the problem of lack of organ donors, but by the organ donaton actively, succeeded in breaking the deadlock.In a long time, political prisoners have been the main source of donor organ transplantation in our country, but the practice is considered by the international community is not respect for human rights and is strongly condemned by the international media, even as the politics means of attack by western countries to China.Under the pressure of public opinion and political pressure, the Chinese government publicly indicated that will gradually put an end to political prisoners as a behavior of the donor, then try to develop other forms of donor sources.Based on <The Human Organ Transplant Ordinances>,living organ donation is limited to under the condition of kinship, that greatly limits the scope of living-organ donation.In China, the brain death legislation organ donation is still blank, for the determination of brain death on medicine is not widely used;Therefore, carrying out the Cardiac Death Donation(DCD)is the most effective way to solve the problem of donor shortage.China’s organ donation has been advocated to free、voluntary basis, as a result of the influence of traditional ideas and the lack of publicity, the consciousness of organ donation is very low.What’s more, under the condition of market economy, organ donation work free of charge. So it needs to be implemented in the organ donation work of a certain material and spiritual incentive to increase the public organ donation enthusiasm,.Therefore, it is necessary to establish a scientific、standardized、 open and transparent incentive mechanism, based on guiding in the potential organ donor behavior or values to stimulate the awareness of organ donation, and mobilizing the people’s enthusiasm and initiative, converting the potential organ donor to explicit donor, thus improve the organ donation rate in our country, saving more and more the life of the patients with end-stage organ failure.ObjectivesWhat is the incentive mechanism?Motivation is to encourage, it refers a process that use the various effective means to motivation people’s behavior, arouse the enthusiasm of people and push people behavior effectively.Machine, refers to the changes of things;System, refers to the system, which requires everyone to abide by the regulations or rules.According to the views of system, mechanism refers to the interaction between each subsystem and the elements in the system.it is a way of working form that mutual connection and restriction and the inherent nature of running rule.It is generally believed that incentive mechanism refers to the organization system, the incentive subject through incentives or incentives and encourage the interaction relationship among objects, Namely, the inner relationship between organizational incentive structure, operation mode and evolution regularity combined.Simply, it is to arouse the enthusiasm of its members in the organization principles, system and method of combined.The main purpose of this study is to through the questionnaire survey of potential organ donors, understanding the principles and methods of incentive mechanism of organ donation in our country, analyzing the problem of organ donation incentive mechanism in our country, compareing with foreign related incentives and in order to find out the problem of organ donation incentive mechanism in our country.From the theoretical level of openness, fairness, justice, organ donation incentive mechanism should be by which a few parts, which should be paid attention to in the process of motivation, and finally, looking to the future, in the hope of the theoretical incentive mechanism into practice, accept the test of practice, and by the point and the surface, in order to be promoted throughout the country, increase the number of organ donors, expand the organ donor, promote the healthy and long-term development of organ transplantation in China.Significances1.In the domestic and foreign research, it is the first time to apply two-factor theory to the Donation of Cardiac Death(DCD) and on the basis to establish an accord with China’s national conditions of incentive mechanism of organ donation.Through consulting a large number of domestic and foreign literature about incentive mechanism, found that most of the scholars is enterprise or business unit employees as the research object and the incentive management literature is relatively small in terms of organ donation.From the relevant literature have published,the incentive mechanism of organ donation are mostly research guidance from the macroscopic angle, did not establish a set of feasible solutions;The research content just groping in combination with the local actual situation and theoretical guidance is not strong.The author on the basis of fully research results at reference, two-factor theory and maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory as the instruction, choose a hospital potential organ donor as the research object, by questionnaire survey and interviews, potential organ donors to set up scientific incentive mechanism, perfecting the theory instruction significance to transplant organ donation system in our country.2. The purpose of the study is to establish an incentive mechanism of Donation of Cardiac Death(DCD) which can effectively arouse the enthusiasm for public organ donation, improve the heart death rate of organ donation, provide more available for transplant donor for organ transplant career. The article based on the current contradictions between organ transplantation technology rapid development and the rate of organ transplantation.On the one hand, the traditional culture deeply rooted in our country, most people can not be fully accepted for organ donation after death;On the other hand, under the condition of market economy, our country there is no corresponding organ donation compensation system and measures.By building a set of feasible organ donation incentive mechanism, fully carry forward the Chinese nation traditional virtue of helping each other, since thousands of years for organ transplant patients to provide more available for transplant donor, contain "organ trading behavior at the same time, maintain the stability and order of market economy.Methods1.Literature review:By reading the textbook and research articles, books, newspaper and other meeting materials on organ donation and incentive mmechanism by Chinese and foreign scholars, experts from CNKI、Pubmed, refining knowledge points, in order to have a deep understanding about the incentive mechanism of organ donation.Through literature review, on the comprehensiving academic history classical incentive theory and combing the organ donation incentive question of the status basis of the research.2.Comparative research:On the basis of literature review, comparing with the organ donation incentive method between Chinese and foreign, taking example by the advanced experience of foreign advantages in incentives and realizeing that because of the difference of culture and national conditions between Chinese and Western countries, on the basis of reference to combine China’s national conditions, constructing practicality, applicability of China’s organ donation system of incentive mechanism.3.Questionnaire survey:In the Two-Factor theory framework combining the feature of organ donation, organ donor incentive mechanism design in accordance with the actual survey questionnaire, the patients who have been taken the organ transplant or are going to have an operation and families were extracted randomly in a hospital in Guangzhou, the questionnaire survey is to understand the potential organ donor donation willingness, satisfaction of the existing incentive mechanism and the overall evaluation of incentive effect.Results and ConclusionsAt present, the research of incentive mechanism of organ donation is the primary exploring stage, so there are many problems in the process of the implementation of the specific and defects, such as the vacancy of legislative, national unity of incentive system has not yet come and so on, all of this makes organ donors feel lack of assurance about the implementation of the relevant incentives.On the other time, deeply rooted of feudal thought, low degree of civilized citizen on funeral culture, incentive mechanism is not perfect, varieties of factors leading to the loss of potential organ donors.Therefore, in order to maximumly arouses public organ donation enthusiasm and increase the rate of organ donation, various aspects from political.economic, social and technological must be fully integrated, analyze the construction of incentive mechanism of organ donation and feasible suggestions are put forward.Firstly, ensuring that the organ donation incentive is must be taken under the regulation of government and the criterion of law from strengthen the construction of system and law, which can fully protect the rights of organ donors and obligations.Secondly, removing body organ donor distractions from increase the intensity of economic incentives.Thirdly, improving the social awareness of organ donation from extensively ideological education.Lastly, expanding the scope of the incentive, increasing the incentive form, constantly improving the organ transplant technology, ensure that organ transplant can save more and more organ failure patients.Innovations and deficienciesThe innovation points in this paper:This study based on the basis of the contradiction between supply and demand of organ transplantation, combined with the actual needs and professional, with a potential organ donor as incentive object, will the two-factor theory in management, psychology, organizational behavior applied to civil heart death organ donation, has certain practical and novelty.Based on potential organ donor intention survey, on the basis of the combination of theory and practice methods put forward a set of systemic incentive mechanism of Donation of Cardiac Death(DCD), in order to make the organ donation motivation work more specification, improve the rate of organ donation.Of course, the study also has shortcomings.Due to a set of feasible and applicability of cardiac death organ donation incentive mechanism itself is a complicated system engineering, Dardiac Death Donation(DCD) incentive work will improve in the process of practical application.At present, Dardiac Death Donation(DCD) is still in the initial stage in China, literature research and the actual implementation is not much enough, the country each place is only in combination with the regional practice of exploratory practice, the successful practices and experience which can draw lessons is very little, combined with academic level as well as the research time is limited, the author puts forward the specific measures and its feasibility needs to be tested in practice and further perfect.