The Quality Evaluation Of Flue-cured Tobacco And Quality Ecological Type Analysis For Main Production Bases Of Henan Tobacco Industry Company

The appearance quality, physical characteristics, chemical compositions and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves collected from chief flue-cured tobacco production bases of Henan Tobacco Industry Company were evaluated by using cluster analysis, component analysis, variance analysis and stepwise regression analysis, the quality ecological type was measured integrating with ecological condition of production bases and the relevance of chief quality traits in flue-cured tobacco leaves were also analyzed, the main results were as follows:Sichuan belongs to high latitude-low altitude area, the resource of sunshine, rainfall and soil in Sichuan tobacco-growing areas were abundant, it is the most appropriate area to plant flue-cured tobacco. The flue-cured tobacco leaves in Sichuan had better color, higher maturity, enough oil, stronger chroma of appearance, better appearance quality, the flue-cured tobacco leaves also had higher rate of silk and better sense quality, so it is the clear flavour flue-cured tobacco. The nicotine content in flue-cured tobacco leaves was moderate, whereas, it had lower potassium content, higher starch content and the ratio of reducing sugar to nicotine. In conclusion, we should strengthen the technology and management of flue-cured tobacco curing process. Yunnan province is also high latitude-low altitude area, it has enough resource of sunshine and rainfall, Yunnan is the high quality production area of flue-cured tobacco in china. The flue-cured tobacco leaves of Yunnan had better color, higher maturity, looser structure, enough oil and greater chroma of appearance, the rate of silk and filling value were also bigger. The sense quality of Yunnan flue-cured tobacco leaves was better, it is the clear flavour flue-cured tobacco. The chemical components in Yunnan flue-cured tobacco leaves was coordinate, but the chroma of appearance was worse and reducing sugar content was higher. In order to solve these main shortages, we should improve the flue-cured tobacco leaves maturity and curing technology of tobacco growers.Fujian and Hunan are low-latitude areas of low elevation hills, the prominent characteristics of flue-cured tobacco leaves in these areas in general were enough oil, good color and physical characteristics, the overall quality was better. The main problems of flue-cured tobacco leaves in Fujian and Hunan were the body of tobacco leaves was a litter slight and chemical composition varied largely. In the production of flue-cured tobacco leaves, we should strengthen the technical popularization, in order to improve the even quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves.Guizhou is low-latitude mountains in the hilly areas above sea level, the flue-cured tobacco leaves in Guizhou tobacco-growing area had coordinate chemical compositions, better physical characteristics and sense quality. But the appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves in this area compared with other tobacco-growing areas was common, some leaves were thin or thicker, and the body of tobacco leaves was a litter worse. The emphasis of tobacco leaves quality in this area was to reduce the gap between sites and increase the upper leaves quality.Liaoning belongs to high latitude-low lying plain area, and its climate is cool. The flue-cured tobacco leaves in this area had moderate body and good physical characteristics, but the aroma style is not prominent, On the whole it was suitable to act as stuffing material. The flue-cured tobacco leaves in this area had poor color, lower maturity, tighter structure and lower potassium content. More attention should be paid to improve the maturity and potassium content.Henan belongs to middle latitude-low lying plain, the flue-cured tobacco leaves in this area was enriched flavour, it also had thicker leaves, bigger pull, and better smoke consistence. The main weakness was that the flue-cured tobacco had poor color, lower maturity, thicker structure, bigger differences of body between leaf base and leaf tip, poor chroma of appearance and lower potassium content. The production of flue-cured leaves should be further improved maturity, enhance appearance quality, increase potassium content, and coordinate the chemical compositions of tobacco leaves.The correlation analysis showed that, the color, chroma of appearance and maturity had higher positive correlation with other factors of appearance quality, it could be generalized that these indexes were most important in appearance quality. The rate of silk and pull were important factors in physical characteristics, the flue-cured tobacco leaves of bigger rate of silk also had better aroma quality, aroma volume, smoke consistence, taste and ash, whereas, the bigger pull of flue-cured tobacco leaves had higher chroma of appearance and less combustibility, we could see that bigger rate of silk can improve smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. The correlation analysis results between chemical composition and smoking quality indicated that, the smoking quality had negative effect on nicotine, total nitrogen, and the chlorine content, but there were extreme positive correlation between smoking quality and total sugar, reducing sugar, and potassium content. In summary, we should control the contents of nitrogen compounds and chlorine, increase potassium and sugar content, coordinate the ratio sugar to nitrogen and potassium to chlorine in the flue-cured tobacco production.