Construction Of Soybean Mutant Pools And Study On Several Mutants

Mutation breeding is the use of physical and chemical mutagen-induced genetic variation, in the relatively short period of time, given the use of the value of mutants to create new germplasm resources and breeding of new varieties. Analysis of mutant gene function is one of the most effective ways by comparing the mutant with the control conditions in a particular gene expression differences,in access to important information on gene function. EMS is a stable and effective mutagen. In this study, soybean mutant pools were constructed by treating the seeds of soybean "Nannong 94-16" with EMS in the initial construction of mutant library based on the further screening and identification of mutants and the expansion of the soybean mutant library can be the analysis of gene function to provide information. At the same time, some of these mutants were to be studied. The main results are as follows:1. These pools included 95 mutants of stem, leaf, cotyledon, flower and seed in agronomic traits.2.200 SSR primer pairs were used to characterize several mutants such as green seed coat, dwarf, yellow leaf, big seed mutant, revealing polymorphism between mutants and base materials. The results showed that these 8 mutants has emerged polymorphism with wild type, with analysis of published genetic map of Song et al （2004）, only Satt077, Satt187 and Sat₀03 site was located within the relevant QTL. EST-SSR primer BE347343 had a polymorphism in the different four mutants and wild type, and the marker had been found near a QTL related to the type of QTL_whole-plant.3. By measuring of protein contents of the soybean 3rd、4th generation of mutagenic lines, we selected 1 high-protein mutant. The t distribution analysis of mutag-enesis effect showed the selected accessions had a significant difference compared with the control. Analysis of 17 kinds of amino acids in mutant indicated that proline, threonine and tyrosine were reduced. The rest, however, showed increased, levels especially the cystine which increased by as much as 190% in the mutant. Analysis of free amino acid content in the mutant was 64.1% higher than that of wild type. At the same time,200 SSR primer pairs were used to characterize the high-protein mutant, revealing primers Sat₃36, Satt336 and Satt568 found polymorphic bands.In conclusion, we constructed main mutant pools as follows:For the quality of soybean, we obtained 1 high-protein protein mutant, and the protein content beyonded 50%. For agromomic characters, we also selected 29 leaf mutants,20 stem mutants,4 cotyledon mutants,7 flower mutants,17 seed mutants, and 17 other mutants of M4 lines compared with wild type.