Study On The Patterns Of Waxy Maize Hybrid

Found in waxy maize farm breeding that the probability of advantage hybrid combinations which were group with same seed color is higher, but the appearance and taste of hybrid combinations which were grouped with black waxy maize and yellow waxy maize was relatively poor.According to this phenomenon,the present study attempts to divide waxy maize into population by seed color,explore the feasibility of forming white × white, white × black, white × yellow, black × black,black × yellow, yellow × yellow hybrid mode and seeking for advantages and disadvantages hybrid mode to assist waxy maize in improving inbred lines and equipping hybrid combinations, reduce blindness, thereby improving the breeding efficiency.This article was used the complete diallel cross design, black, white, yellow a total of six copies each of two waxy maize hybrid materials group with harvested six parental inbred lines and hybrids 30 parts. 6 parts of the parental inbred lines SSR markers fingerprint analysis, genetic distance and cluster computing; About 30 hybrid combinations hybrid model groups divided according to different color and heterosis and combining ability analysis were done to it, get the following conclusions:(1) According to SSR marker genetic distance measured, divided 6 parts of the waxy maize inbred lines into three groups: the first Ⅰ groups include: Y34(black), Y38(black); the Ⅱ1 subgroups include: Y13- 6(white); the Ⅱ2 subgroups include: Y2-11(yellow), Y87(white); the Ⅲ groups include: Y3-11(yellow).From 6 parental genetic distance and cluster analysis can be seen that not only the same color waxy maize grain may be distributed in the same group but can also be distributed in different groups, different color waxy maize kernels can also be distributed in the same groups.(2) from the average analysis, two modes of yellow × black and black × yellow are poor in quality,high testa residue rate, low starch content and amylopectin content.(3) The average hybrids and heterosis patterns and have a greater amplitude, in general, each mode hybrid heterosis and heterosis on most traits are positive than negative.Each trait heterosis index size ranking: plot yield and seed weight>single ear weight>ear height>grain number per row>axle weight>plant height>ear length>stem diameter>ear diameter>crude starch content>ear row number>amylopectin content>seed residue rate. Show that the yield and agronomic traits with strong heterosis,heterosis quality traits was weak.(4) The materials of GCA positive than negative are four in 6 waxy maize material,negative than positive are two, the material of Y13-6 has the most positive GCA,the material of Y87 has the negative GCA most. The yield of hybrids which were equipped by Y13-6 is relatively high, while the yield of hybrid combinations with materials Y87 group is relatively low;There are some outstanding hybrids with integrated high SCA effect value in 15 hybrid combinations,such as D2, D8, D9, etc., it has a common feature of high GCA parents. So in the breeding of excellent inbred lines cross combinations, and equipping good general combining ability,GCA can be assumed to be important considerations. In quality traits, crude starch content and amylopectin content in the hybrid mode of "yellow and black" was low on SCA,the SCA of seed residue rate was high, but it also means the highest rate of skin slag.In summary, the same waxy maize grain color material is not necessarily located in the same group, the main genetic traits on the average and general combining ability is not reaching consistency. There are also have big difference in heterosis and special combining ability of same hybrid mode.Therefore, waxy maize population according to color blocks are not reasonable.