| Eucalyptus spp. plantation is one of the main plantations in China, which was native to Australia. And it was brought in China more than 120 years ago. Eucalyptus spp. plantation promotes economic development in southern China. At the same time, the rapid expansion of Eucalyptus spp. planting area has brought regional ecological security some hidden dangers. In the reservoir watershed particularly, Eucalyptus spp. cultivation has caused soil erosion, water quality deterioration, biodiversity decrease and a series of ecological environmental problems. Value of ecosystem service is an important indicator, and it could be used to compare different forest’s ecological environmental benefits quantitatively. Taking the typical reservoir, Yuanxiao reservoir as an object, the study using 3S technology and field investigation to doing some research on plant communities’ distribution, plant growth situation and ecosystem service’ temporal-spacial dynamic, which is aimed to reveal the ecological environmental effect of Eucalyptus spp. plantation, and to discuss the economic-ecological effect of human activities to Eucalyptus spp. plantation. Main conclusions are as follow:(1) The remote sensing classification decision tree is universal to different time, different regions and different series of Landsat satellites sensors of remote sensing images.(2) Remote sensing inversion based on FVC showed that, the percentage error of biomass and NPP inversion is 21.65% and 21.55%, respectively. And inversion accuracy improves with the growth of Eucalyptus spp. plantation. Results showed that, FVC and biomass of Pinus massoniana is larger than that of Eucalyptus spp. plantation. And NPP of Eucalyptus spp. plantation is larger. Average FVC of Eucalyptus spp. and Pinus massoniana is 57.78% and 76.06%. Average biomass is 301.7 thousand and 432.0 thousand t·hm-2·a-1. Average NPP is 301.7 thousand and 1436.5 thousand g C·hm-2·a-1.(3) The extensive, one-sided managing methods led to reservoir watershed ecosystem stability volatile, directly affected the ecological environmental quality of reservoir watershed. Unit value of ecosystem service showed that, ecosystem service of Pinus massoniana is much better than that of Eucalyptus spp. plantation. In addition, human activities increased the risk of reservoir watershed’s water loss, soil erosion, water quality deterioration and water supply security, and indirectly increased the cost of planting Eucalyptus spp. plantation.Therefore, it is suggested to improve planting methods, to stop burning the slash and plowing with machines. At the same time, recovering part of the original ecosystem structure and function is necessary, and only in this way can we ensure the ecological safety and security of drinking water. And further work is necessary to optimize Eucalyptus spp. plantation’s scientific management mode, alleviating the ecological environmental impact of Eucalyptus spp. plantation in reservoir watershed. |
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