Influence Of Main Meteorological Disasters On Crop Yields And The Comprehensive Evaluation Of Disaster In Chongqing

At the background of global warming, sudden and hazards of meteorological disasters significantly increased,which is increasing of influence on agricultural production and people′s lives and property.Chonhqing is located in the subtropical humid monsoon region,which is effected by the southwest monsoon and southeast monsoon.Therefore,meteorological disasters is a lot in Chongqing,which are higher of frequency,the impact on agriculture production is broader,the losses is more serious.thus,research the influence of meterological disasters on agriculture production has a certain significance.Utilization of disaster-affected areas data, inundated areas data of drought, flood,wind-hail, low temperature and grain yields data, the main food crops yields data and the main economic crops yields data in Chongqing from 1997 to 2013, analyzing characteristics and the trend of meteorological disasters. Then analy the influence of meteorological disasters on the average grain yield, the main crops yields, the main crash crop yields by Gray correlation and C-D production function. Utilization of the daily precipitation data and the daily maximum temperature data analy the influences of meteorological disasters on crops of 2006, 2007 and 2008. Finally, comprehensive evalue the meteorological disasters.(1) The results showed that drought, flood are the main meteorological disasters,wind-hail, low temperature are next in Chongqing during 1997 to 2013; The tendency variation results showed that, in recent 17 years, only disaster-affected area of low temperature presented increasing tendency slightly, while drought, flood and wind-hail existed decreasing tendency.(2) Gray correlation analysis indicated that the impact of meteorological disasters on average grain yield, drought> flood> wind-hail> low temperature; Gray correlation tendency of the main food crops indicated that drought, flood and wind-hail is the main meteorological disaster affecting the main food crop yield; Gray correlation tendency of the four kind of main economic crops is largely different, which indicated the anti disaster ability of different crop is different. It is necessary to take targeted measures of disaster prevention and mitigation.(3) C-D production function analy the influence that the impact of meteorological disasters on average grain yield, crops affected areas increase 1%, grain yields decrease0.1667%, crops area increas 1%, grian yields decrease 0.075%. crop drought affected area increase 1%, grain yields decrease 0.0924%, crop flood affected area increase 1%,grain yields decrease 0.0698%, crop low temperature affected area increase 1%, grain yields decrease 0.0184%.(4) Comprehensive evalue the meteorological disasters. Meteorological disasters is light disaster on agricultural production is 11.76%, meteorological disasters is middle disaster on agricultural production is 23.53%, meteorological disasters is heavily disaster on agricultural production is 29.41% and meteorological disasters is most heavily disaster on agricultural production is 35.29% for the total time period which is from 1997 to 2013. The average composite index disaster is gradually decrease in two stages of 1997-2008, 2009-2013.