Difference Analysis Between Female And Male Plants Of Salix Linearistpularis

Salix linearistipularis are a kind of salicaceae Salix deciduous shrubs or small trees, widely distributed in the northeast and the western provinces of China. Salix linearistipularis are natural distributed precious woody plants, with strong resistance, shade tolerance, cold tolerance, drought tolerance, alkaline-tolerance, and can improve the PH of soils.Salix linearistipularis are typical dioecious plants. While the gender is difficult to be visually identified through morphological characteristics before flowering. So it is necessary to explore the differences between female and male plants of Salix linearistipularis. This dissertation mainly studies the differences of leaves and flower buds differentiation between female and male plants of Salix linearistipularis, based on perennial and wild Salix linearistipulari growing on saline-alkali lands, aimed at comprehensively understanding the differences between female and male plants of Salix linearistipularis in order to facilitate gender identification. And then control the proportion of female and male plants of Salix linearistipularis in actual production, not only to ensure a enough pollen counts for effective pollination, but also to get the largest seed production. Finally, make full use of female and male plants advantage, breed, hybrid and afforest purposefully, provide scientific basis and theoretical guidance for further developing and utilizing the resources of wild Salix linearistipularis growing on saline-alkaline land, and for improving saline-alkali soil. The experimental results showed as follows:1. Differences between female and male plants leaves of Salix linearistpularis:(1) Leaves of male plant have larger leaf area, greater fresh and dry weight and longer leaf length and width, than the ones of female plants. (2) The upper and lower epidermis of female and male plants young leaves of Salix linearistipularis are covered table fur. The leaves table fur of female are very curly belong to silky hairs types; the leaves table fur of male are slight curly belong to thin hairs types. The leaves table fur of female significantly longer than the leaves table fur of male. The size and open degree of female plants stomatal are greater than the ones of male plants. (3) The upper epidermis cutin layer thickness and stomatal density of male plants leaves of Salix linearistipularis are all greater than the ones of female plants. However, the down epidermis are smaller than the ones of female plants. In the mature period, the first layer of palisade tissue thickness of female plants leaves are greater than the ones of male plants. The main veins of female plants leaves grow more developed and faster than the ones of male plants. (4) The contents of chlorophyll, free proline and malondialdehyde of female plants are larger than the ones of male plants. The contents of soluble sugar and the relative electrical conductivity are smaller than the ones of male plants.2. Differences between female and male flower buds of Salix linearistipularis:(1) The early stage of flower bud:Male flower buds are larger than the ones of female, the shape of male ones are approximate triangle and while female ones are approximate elliptic. (2) The development stage of flower bud:The amplitude of female flower buds elongation and swollen is bigger than the ones of male. (3) The mature stage of flower bud:Female flower buds have larger size, the flower buds tip is sharp and slightly warped. There is a certain angle between flower buds and branches. Male flower buds have smaller size. The flower buds tip is flat and clingy in branches. Pistil ovary differentiation of Salix linearistipularis is a week earlier stamens anther. Pistil differentiation time is longer than stamens. Pistil of Salix linearistipularis continuously developed during differentiation, but stamens nectary is not obvious. (4) Inflorescence stage:female inflorescence size and life is longer than the ones of male. Male inflorescences wilt off after pollen shedding, while female ones go on developing into fruits and seeds after that.Overall, there are obvious differences during the process between female and male leaves and flower bud differentiation of Salix linearistpularis. We can preliminarily identification the gender of Salix linearistipularis by observing the shape of canopy, the angle of the branches, the morphology of flower bud and leaf blade table fur, the anatomical structure of leaf blade, and comparing the physiological index and ability to resist salinity-alkalinity stress. And provide theoretical foundation for the actual production and crossbreeding of Salix linearistipularis.