The Plant Species Diversity And Soil Characteristics Of Six Forests In Public Welfare Forest

To alleviate the increasingly serious environmental problems, strengthen the construction of ecological public welfare forest in our country.How to effectively and timely inspect the ecological benefits of ecological public welfare forest.And guide the construction, management and protection of ecological public welfare forest, has become the primary problem in the construction process of public welfare forest. Most of southern China is in a subtropical climate zone, with its unique species such as distribution characteristics, topography, soil properties.Research the species, plant diversity, soil characteristics and its related laws of different forest types of the southern ecological public welfare forest.And it has a great significance,to guide plant diversity protection, vegetation restoration, ecological forest management and reflect its ecological condition of the ecological public welfare forest. And provide theoretical basis for scientific construction of ecological public welfare forest.This study selected green YangHu state-owned forest farm as study area, analyzed species composition characteristics, plant diversity characteristics, characteristics of soil physical and chemical properties, discussed the correlation between plant diversity and soil physical and chemical properties of 6 kinds of different forest types,such as Horsetail pine S1, Chinese fir forest S2, Coniferous mixed forest S3, Mixed needle leaf S4 and Evergreen broad-leaved forest S5, Moso bamboo forest S6, in the forest farm. The main results were as follows: (1) The species composition are significant differences in different forest types. Plant species of arborous layer, shrub layer and vegetation layer of Evergreen broad-leaved plants has 12,25 and,21,respectively. Cinnamomum camphora is the main dominant tree species of arborous layer. Plant species of arborous layer, shrub layer and vegetation layer of Mixed needle leaf has 11,17 and,13,respectively. Pinus massoniana is the main dominant tree species of arborous layer. Plant species of arborous layer, shrub layer and vegetation layer of Coniferous mixed forest of cunninghamia lanceolata forest has 7,14 and,13,respectively. Cunninghamia lanceolate and Pinus massoniana is the main dominant tree species of arborous layer.Above the three kinds of forest, shrub and vegetation layer has no obvious advantages.Of plant species.(2) The Plant diversity are significant differences in different forest types.In arborous layer, the rules of species richness (S), Simpson diversity index (SI), Shannon-Wiener index (SH) and evenness index (E) is Evergreen broadleaf forest> Mixed needle leaf> Coniferous mixed forest> Coniferous forest> Chinese fir> Masson pine> Moso bamboo forest The plant diversity index of tree layer of Evergreen broad-leaved forest is highest. The plant diversity index of shrub layer are significant differences. Evenness index in different forest types is difference and it reached very significant level.It along with the increase of the complexity of the community structure, and reached the maximum in the Mixed needle leaf and Evergreen broad-leaved forest.In herbaceous layer, the rules of species richness (S), Simpson diversity index (SI), Shannon-Wiener index (SH) and evenness index (E) is Evergreen broadleaf forest> Mixed needle leaf> Coniferous mixed forest> Coniferous forest> Chinese fir> Masson pine> Moso bamboo forest. The plant diversity index of herbaceous layer of Evergreen broad-leaved forest is highest.(3) In different forest types, the soil bulk density of Evergreen broadleaf forest, Coniferous mixed forest and Coniferous forest are significantly lower than the 3 pure forest (Horsetail pine, Chinese fir forest and Moso bamboo forest). The soil bulk density of Evergreen broad-leaved forest is minimum, as only 1.09 g/cm3. And it suggests that the soil of Evergreen broad-leaved forest is loose and voids. And the soil moisture content,the content of total N and total P of Evergreen broad-leaved forest were the largest. And pH value of Moso bamboo forest is the largest, as4.97.Soil organic matter content was the lowest, as only 10.67 g/kg.The organic matter content of Mixed needle leaf is the largest,as 45.017 g/kg. (4) The correlation analysis of soil physical and chemical indicators showed that pH value and moisture content, organic matter, N, K was a significant negative correlation, and the bulk density, water content, organic matter, N also showed very significant negative correlation, while the water content, organic matter and N showed very significant positive correlation. From this, the increase of soil moisture content,organic matter, total N, total K can reduce the soil pH and bulk density. With the increasing of soil organic matter and total N, the soil is advantageous to storage water, at the same time, increasing of soil organic matter can also lead to the increase of soil N.Among them, the correlation coefficients of the bulk density and water content, water content and N, organic matter and N were above 0.8, Suggests that these indicators between two closely linked It Suggests that these indicators relationship between two is closely linked. And P above the soil physical and chemical parameters were not significantly correlated, but K only extremely significant negative correlation with pH. (5) Species richness index, Simpson index, Shannon Wiener diversity index and evenness index size effect on soil chemical properties are basically in accordance with the order of the tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer.Soil pH value, moisture content, total N content of bulk density, with the diversity of tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer index has reached the extremely significant correlation.Soil organic matter content with tree layer, shrub layer and herb layert diversity index of correlation except species richness index of shrub layer, have reached the extremely significant correlation.Total P, K were also associated with varying degrees of plant diversity.