The Plant Species Diversity And Soil Characteristics Of Several Typical Forests In Subtropical

Five typical succession forests are sampled in Mt.Jinyun to analysis species diversity, litter, soil chemical properties, soil microbial and study the correlation between species diversity and litter, soil chemical properties, soil microbial. The results indicate that:there are significant differences on species diversity, litter, soil chemical properties, soil microbial of different succession forests, the correlation between species diversity and litter, soil chemical properties, soil microbial has somewhat differences.The species diversity in typical succession communities (tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer) have reached significant or very significant difference. tree layer (species richness, diversity and evenness) of Evergreen broad-leaved forest reached the maximum (13.0,2.73,0.918).The overall trend S4>S3>S2>S5. Shrub layer(species richness and diversity index)of Pinus massoniana-evergreen broad-leaved reaches the highest (31.0,3.019), the difference between Pinus massoniana-evergreen broad-leaved and Evergreen broad-leaved forest is not significant. The evenness index in Evergreen broad-leaved forest achieves the highest (0.958), but no significant difference with Pinus massoniana-evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest. Herbaceous layers (species richness and diversity) in the Pinus massoniana-evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest stage the highest (53.0,3.068),the evenness index reached the highest in the Phyllostachys pubescens forest(0.898).The differences in litter storage and nutrient content during typical succession communities attains a significant level. Litter storage reduces in accordance with the discipline S4→S3→S2→S5→S1. The performance trend of each nutrient storage is the same basically, The structure of different nutrient content in successional communities have the same discipline. C>Ca>N>k>Mg>P.In layer A, the difference in successional communities and the content of soil chemical properties reaches a significant level. the trend of the total N is S4>S3>S5>S2>S1, total N in the shrub is the lowest (1.14g·kg-1), highest in evergreen broad-leaved forest (2.72g·kg-1). P trend for S5>S4>S2>S1>S3, total P in the Phyllostachys pubescens forest (0.33g·kg-1), than Pinus massoniana-evergreen shrub and grass (0.21g·kg-1) broad-leaved forest mixed forest (0.20g·kg-1) is high, but the difference was not significant. In contrast to the trend of K and N for S1>S2>S3> S4>S5, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen trend S4>S3>S2>S5>S1, evergreen broadleaf forests highest (205.53mg·kg-1), Phyllostachys pubescens forest the lowest (89.50mg·kg-1). The available phosphorus trend of S4>S5>S1>S2>S3, evergreen broadleaf forests highest (13.33mg·kg-1), mixed forest, Pinus massoniana-evergreen broad-leaved forest lowest(6.63mg·kg-1) available potassium and nitrogen the same trend, the highest in the evergreen broad-leaved forest (108.25mg·kg-1), the lowest in Bamboo Forest (54.25mg·kg-1). The trend of pH S1>S5>S2>S3>S4, shrubs acidic weakest (5.23), evergreen broadleaf forest (4.07) and Pinus massonian-evergreen broad-leaved forest(4.09) are strong relatively. The discipline of Base Saturation(BS) is similar to pH, CEC (S5>S3>S4>S2>S1) shows an upward trend with the succession community.In layer B, the difference in successional communities and the content of soil chemical properties reaches a significant level, the trend of the total N is S4>S2>S3>S5>S1, total N content in shrubs lowest (0.32g·kg-1), evergreen broad-leaved forest maximum (0.73g·kg-1), there is no significant difference between Pinus massoniana forest(0.48g·kg-1) and Pinus massonian-evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest(0.44g·kg-1). P trend S1>S5>S4>S2>S3, total P in Shrub highest (0.17g·kg-1), Pinus massoniana-evergreen broad-leaved forest mixed lowest (0.12g·kg-1). The trend of K and P is similar, Shrub highest (13.20g·kg-1), Phyllostachys pubescens forest (10.28g·kg-1) and Pinus massonian-evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest(10.15g·kg-1) is lower relatively. Nitrogen trend S4>S3>S5>S1>S2, evergreen broad-leaved forest highest(68.60mg·kg-1), the Phyllostachys pubescens forest lowest (22.83mg·kg-1). The available phosphorus trend of S4>S3>S5>S2>S1, evergreen broadleaf forest up to (6.20mg·kg-1), the Phyllostachys pubescens forest lowest (1.40mg·kg-1). Potassium trend S4>S3>S2>S1>S5, evergreen broad-leaved forest highest (70.65mg·kg-1), Phyllostachys pubescens forest lowest (35.35mg·kg-1), Pinus massonian forest (52.88mg·kg-1) and Pinus massonian-evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest (54.60mg·kg-1) have no significant difference. The change trend of pH is similar to layer A(S1>S5>S2>S3>S4), shrubs acidic weakest (5.61), evergreen broadleaf forest (4.53) and Pinus massonian-evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest is relatively strong (4.6). Total N, total P decreases with soil depth, total K is not obvious. The content of soil nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium is in line with spatial distribution characteristics of soil fertility accumulated. pH (B>A).The difference in soil bacteria、fungi、actinomycetes from successional communities reaches a extremely significant level and so layer(A, B) do. In layer A, the number of bacteria grow with the community succession, attain the highest in the evergreen broad-leaved forest and Phyllostachys pubescens Forest, the overall performance trend is S1<S2<S3<S4<S5. In layer B evergreen broad-leaved forest and Phyllostachys pubescens forest reaches the highest. There is no difference between Shrub and Pinus massonian forest, so is evergreen broad-leaved forest and Phyllostachys pubescens forest. In layer A, the number of fungi grows with the community succession, reaches the highest in the evergreen broad-leaved forest stage (8.18×104g-1), the overall performance trends is S1<S5<S2<S3<S4. The difference in Pinus massonian forest and Phyllostachys pubescens forest is not significant, but there is significant difference between them and shrub、Pinus massoniana-evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest、evergreen broad-leaved forest. In layer A, the number of actinomycetes in evergreen broad-leaved forest is maximum (6.00×105g-1), the overall performance trend is S1<S2<S3<S5<S4.There are certain correlation between species diversity and soil organic、 microbial biomass carbon、the three groups the number of microorganisms. From soil layer weaken(A→B); From the level (tree, shrub, grass), the closest with the shrub layer, the tree layer Secondly; Judging from the soil organic, microbial biomass carbon and the three major groups of microorganisms, the correlation between soil organic matter content and species diversity index decline along the tree→shrub→grass. Microbial biomass carbon in the tree layer and shrub layer reaches a very significant positive related. The correlation from the number of bacteria and shrub layer species diversity indices make the highest (significant or extremely significant), there are highly significant positive correlation or significant positive correlation among the number of bacteria in layer A and tree layer(S), shrub layer species diversity index, grass layer(S).The correlation between the number of fungi in layer A and tree layer species diversity index、shrub layer species diversity index reaches a very significant positive correlation. Both the number of actinomycetes in layer A and tree layer, shrub layer species diversity index have a strong correlation (significant highly or significant). The correlation among storage and nutrient content of the litter and the species diversity index of tree, shrub and grass (except the index j of the grass layer) make the significant positive correlation and weaken by tree layer→shrub layer→grass layer.There is an significant or highly significant positive correlation among total N, alkali solution of nitrogen, potassium and species diversity index, total-P, total-K, pH is significantly or extremely significantly negative correlation, phosphorus is not significant.