Design And Experiment Of The Air-sucking Potato Minituber Planter

Potatoe contains much starch and a variety of amino acids, therefore, potatoe has laudatory name of "underground apple" and "the second bread". China is one of the largest potatoes planted countries in the world, while the average output is lower than the world average level. We can see that china still has a huge potential for planting potato. It can solve the production caused by the virus diseases of potato and breed degraded, through increasing research and application for potato minituber. With the market demand for potatoes continuously increased and its planting area has been increasing, so it is necessary and important to develop planting mechanization. The design of this seeding machinery regard potato minituber as the sow object is a real problem demanding prompt solution.The project is to design an air-suction seeding machinery regards potato minituber as the sow object, the main contributions of this thesis are listed as follows:Research on different grades of potato miniature, physical and mechanics parameters properties of potato tuber were studied. At the same time, the physical and mechanical characteristics of potato minituber in different grades were analysed by one-way ANOVA, discussing the relationship of different grades micro potato species in the terms of physical and mechanical properties. Research has shown that the triaxial size, average particle size, the spherical degree, quality, moisture content, sliding friction Angle, Angle of repose, maximum transverse shear force and the longitudinal shear force of the potato minituber in the different grades were extremely significant difference(P<0.01), the bulk density and longitudinal elastic modulus of the potato minituber in the different grades were significant difference(0.05<P<0.01), the particle density and the transverse elastic modulus difference of the potato minituber in the different grades were not significant (P>0.05).The design is based on potato minituber for the air-sucking potato minituber planter, seting furrowing and seeding, the limit of depth, turns the soil, and other functions were rolled into one. The planter adopts three-point suspension, double line homework, spacing adjustable (60-90 cm) and distance adjustable (11-15 cm).For air-suction metering device test study, the single factor experiment was carried out. Experimental result showed that the vacuum degree of air-suction metering device and the row of kind of disk rotational speed has significant effects on the metering performance. The wear-resisting performances of the different materials manufacturing metering plate and seed metering device were studied by theory and experiment. Experimental result showed that the wear resistance of soft imported stainless steel material manufacturing metering plate was better than pure iron material, the abrasion resistance of nylon 66 material was better than polyethylene and polypropylene material.In the field experiment, the seeding performance, seeding the consistency and reliability were reviewed. The test results of seeding performances were that the qualified index was 88.28%, replay index was 4.70%, leakage index was 7.02% and coefficient of variation was 15.17%. The test results of sowing depth uniformity as follows that the average depth was 7.91mm, standard deviation was 0.25mm and coefficient of variation was 3.21%. The field experiment shows that the seeder has good seeding performance, sowing depth consistency, flexibility and reliability. At the same time, the furrow opener, depth wheel and covered soil body were showed good performance of limiting depth.