Evaluation Of 20 Tropical And Subtropical Maize Germplasm Populations’ Breeding Value For The Huanghuaihai Region In China

Increasingly narrowed germplasm have become the major barrier to maize breeding in China over these years. Nowdays,many elite lines in production derive from few native landrace, U.S. Synthesize and a little of tropical accessions. On The Huanghuaihai Plain in China, actually, there is no Variety can overwhelming the Zhengdan 958 which has widespread grown more than 10 years. In this study, four testers, Zheng58 and Chang7-2 which are the parents of Zhengdan958, Ye478 and Huangzao4 as the symbol line of the local base germplasm, were used cross with 20 tropical and sub tropical populatins. The crosses were grown in two sites of Xiangyang City and one of Wuhan City with spit-plot design to indetifing the value of these exotic populations to broaden the narrow base germlasm for The Huanghuaihai Plain. In addition, these exotic germplasm whether and how were direct used to improve the Zhendan958. The conclusions are following:1.The population D19, D16, D6, D5, D1, D21 and D4 can be used to improve the Zhengdan958. In detail,the population D19, D16 and D6 are the best doner to improving Zheng58, while the population D1 and D4 are the potential material,too; the population D5 is the best doner to improving Chang7-2, either D21 is the potential material.2.Expect for above 7 populations, the population D9 and D20 either can be used to broaden the base germplasm by receptor Ye478 or Huangzao4, in which D9 and D20 are superiorly used to improve the Huangzao4.3.The race Tuxpeno, Tuson, Criollo and Argentino from Latin America growing the low-altitude region are appropriate for broadening the base germplasm on plain of Huanghuaihai.4.Kernels per row, Ear diameter, Cob diameter, Seed rate and Moisture content at harvest are significantly relative (0.05 or 0.01)to grain yield. The important of comprehensive effect about these 5 traits to grain yield are ranked as follow, Kernels per row> Seed rate> Moisture content at harvest> Cob diameter> Ear diameter, Moisture content at harvest is negative effect and any others is positive. In breeding program the trait Seed rate and Kernels per row.