Effects Of Different Mulching Methods On Soil Moisture、 Fertilizer And Maize Growth

Different covering methods have a direct impact on the soil moisture、evaporation and temperature by changing the sunlight on the surface of the direct radiation between soil and atmospheric water、gas、heat exchange, thereby affecting the soil biological activity,soil organic matter decomposition, soil nutrient transformation and release. In order to explore a suitable cropping pattern in Liaoshen area, the study was conducted to analyse the effects of different mulching methods on soil moisture, fertilizer and the maize growth by six contrast experiments, which involves conventional tillage, biochar tillage covering, no tillage with mulching plastic film, mulch tillage coverage, Stubble covering and strip covering. The results showed:(1)The soil moisture of plastic film mulching、straw mulching and biological carbon treatment were higher than traditional tillage, the soil moisture content of plastic film mulching in the early stage of maize growth was higher, the moisture content of the shallow soil covered by straw mulching was significantly higher than that of conventional tillage, the water content in deep soil was higher than that in no tillage treatment through the influence of infiltration rate.The evaporation rate of the traditional tillage is larger, the effect of each treatment to inhibit the evaporation of the tree was decreased with the promotion of maize growth.(2) Plastic film mulching had little effect on soil fertility. Stubble mulching and strip mulching could increase the content of N,P, K in soil, the difference between the two was not significant, and the role of Maize in the late stage of growth was more obvious. Biological carbon treatment was the most obvious to improve the effect of soil fertility.(3) No tillage with mulching film and tillage film mulching could increase soil temperature, soil temperature, and soil temperature could be regulated with stubble mulching and strip mulching, and the effect of biological carbon treatment on soil temperature was not significant. With the development of maize growing and the increase of soil depth, the influence of different treatments on soil temperature was decreased.(4) No tillage with mulch film and plastic film could significantly shorten the seedling stage, and the emergence rate of stubble mulching was the biggest. The plant height,stem diameter and dry matter accumulation of each treatment were basically the same, and the whole growth period of maize followed the "rising and falling" trend. The corn yield was the stubble mulching>the biological carbon turning and mulching> strip mulching> film mulching>no tillage and no tillage, respectively,13511kg/hm2、13500kg/hm2、13197kg/hm2 13100kg/hm2、12421kg/hm2、12086kg/hm2. Therefore, stubble mulching was the most suitable planting pattern for promotion in Liaoshen area.