| Forest road is an important part of forest construction, forest road construction play a positive role to improve forest social and economic benefits, but also will damage the ecological environment in the forest zone. So how to reduce the impact of highway construction on environment is an important topic. Only give the ecological environment effects of forest road construction with scientific and reasonable evaluation, can we targeted take some effective preventive measures to protect ecological environment. Combine the forest road construction and ecological environment protection, to achieve coordinated development of forest social, economic and ecological environment.In this paper, based on the characteristics of ecological environment of forest road, Comparative and analysis various environmental impact assessment methods and applications. Combined with the actual situation of the southern forest road, puts forward a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on GIS technology, and provides a reference for future ecological environment impact assessment of forest road construction. The main research work and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1) Analyzed the characteristics of the impact of forest road construction on the ecological environment, and analyze the forest road in the construction and operation phases of plants, soil and water loss, soil, water environment and landscape pattern of the impact, so as to lay a foundation for comprehensive evaluation of the impact of forest region highway construction of the ecological environment. Focused on the influence in the construction of forest roads and the operational phase of the plant, soil erosion, soil, water, environmental and landscape aspects. Lay the foundation for a comprehensive evaluation of impact on ecological environment of forest roads construction.(2) Described the theoretical basis of ecological environment impact assessment, introduced the ideas and principles of constructing ecological environment impact evaluation index system, and establishment the comprehensive evaluation system of ecological environmental impact of the forest road construction in south.(3) Combined the characteristics of forest road in southern, and used expert advice method and list screening method for screening evaluation factors. Using the related data and data to calculate the value of index property, by using analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight value, and with the aid of Yaahp analytic hierarchy process, the weight value of each evaluation index is calculated, and the rationality of weight determination is improved.(4) Anglicized the basic application of GIS technology, and introduces the construction process of the database about ecological environment of forest road. GIS technology was applied to the environmental impact assessment of the road, through the establishment and connection of graphics and attribute database, GIS technology and environmental impact evaluation were combined, to improve the scientific and effectiveness of the environmental impact assessment of forest road construction(5) The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is applied to the ecological environment impact assessment of forest roads, and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is established. Through examples of Yong’an City Western town of Woodland forest roads, verify the feasibility and rationality of the model. It is proved that the model can reflect the real situation of the ecological environment impact of the forest road construction, by the quantitative analysis of the evaluation results.Scientific and reasonable judgment on the ecological environment impact of forest road construction, have postitive effect to improve and perfect the feasibility study plan and the improvement of the environmental awareness of the forest road. The ecological environment protection of forest road is very important to promote the healthy development of forest road construction and the sustainable management of forest. |
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