Genetic Diversity Analysis Of Nelumbo Nucifera Cultivars Based On Morphological And SSR Markers

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., one of the top-ten traditional famous flowers in china,a kind of perennially aquatic plant,belongs to Nelumbonaceae family.As one of the earliest angiosperm,there are only two species namely N.nucifera and N.lutea.Pers.,which survived the Ice Age.China is the world of the lotus flower distribution center, as well as the cultural center.According to statistics, there are more than 1000 lotus varieties in china.In order to understand the genetic information of chinese lotus varieties,the experiment applies morphological markers and SSR markers on 319 lotus varieties from China lotus research center for genetic diversity analysis, aimed at better classifying,storage and use of the lotus germplasm resources.The main results were obtained as follows:(1) The results of investigation and analysis on 11 phenotypic traits of 319 lotus varieties showed that the variation coefficient of Petals was largest(69%) and some plant-type traits’ were all about 20%;The correlation coefficient of these traits was the range of 0.395~0.979 and there were very significant correlation between plant-type traits.Clustering analysis by UPGMA method showed that these 319 lotus varieties were divided into 5 major groups at the genetic distance of 5.4, and the first group was subdivided into 4 subgroups at the genetic distance of 4.1.(2) 93 pairs polymorphism primers were chosed from 200 SSR primers.There were350 observed alleles detected by SSR primers.The observed number of alleles(Na),the effective number of alleles(Ne),the Shannon’s information index(I),the observed heterozygosity(Ho),the expected heterozygosity(He),the genetic diversity index(H),the polymorphism information content(PIC) were 2~9, 1.1297~6.0288, 0.2301~1.8708,0.047~0.6583, 0.115~0.8363, 0.1148~0.8350, 0.1082~0.8139 with the mean of 3.76,2.227, 0.8717, 0.3892, 0.5109, 0.5101, 0.4367.(3) The result of SSR molecular marker data analysed by NTSYs-pc2.10 e shows that the genetic similarity coefficient(GS) of 319 lotus varieties almost were0.422~0.997.Clustering analysis by UPGMA method showed that these 319 lotus varieties were divided into 3 major groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.67,and the first group,including 295 samples,was subdivided into 7 subgroups at the threshold of 4.1.(4) The results of morphological marker and SSR marker corresponded in some degreeand reflected the lotus abundant genetic diversity.Both of the markers can apply to lotus genetic diversity research.