Studies On The Morphological Development And The Physiological Changes During Flower Bud Differentiation Processes In Nelumbo Nucifera

The morphological development and phsiology indexes during the flower bud differentiation processes in Nelumbo nucifera were researched in the experiment whose material choosing"jinqi"lotus. The flower bud differentiation processes were researched by paraffin section method. On the basis of the morphology, there were ten physiology indexes mensurated in this experiment,including the soluble protein , soluble sugar, starch , SOD,CAT,POD,IAA,GA,ABA,ZR . The aim of the experiment was to make certain the flower bud differentiation processes and phsiological basis and to open out the mechanism of the lotus bud differentiaton.1. the whole process of the lotus bud differentiation was under the water.the lotus bud had finished the differentiation when the flower emerge from the water. the flower bud differentiation processes included five phases: flower bud differentiation initiation phase, sepal differentiation phase, petal differentiation phase, stamen differentiation phase and gynoecia differentiation phase.2. the CAT activity of the leaf was increasing in the process of flower bud differentiation, while the one of the root had no distinct variety. The SOD activity in the whole flower bud differentiation initiation process kept a higher level than it in the growing phase. The SOD activity in the sepal differentiation phase declined to the lowest point, and the following ones got increasing .The curve of the POD activity of the leaf and the root were similar, the POD activity gradually increased during the flower bud differentiation initiation phase, which reached the peak in the sepal differentiation phase , the following phases decreased. In the whole, CAT,SOD and POD protected the lotus bud differentiation.3. In the result of the experiment,the higher contents of soluble sugar and starch aveil to the bud differentiation.When the lotus turned into the flower bud differentiation initiation phase,the soluble protein in the leaf increased quickly.With the flower bud differentiation continued,the protein decreased slowly.when the differenitatiom finished ,the protein content was equal to the one in the growing period.While ,the protein content in the lotus root reach the highest level during the sepal differentiation phase,which continued decreaseing in the flowing period.4. Speculating on the result, the lower GA content veiled the differentiation of the flower bud segments. The higher contents of ABA,IAA and ZR veiled the differentiation of the flower bud.5. The higher ZR/GA veiled the lotus bud differentiation,while, the varities of ZR/ABA and GA/ABA needed to farther research.