Effects Of Continuous Application Of Amendments On Soil Nutrients And Yield Of Peanut In Continuous Cropping System

Peanut is an important oil and economic crop in China, and its different planting patterns play a key role in the change of soil properties. On the other hand, soil amendments have become a hot research topic at home and abroad, because of their characteristics such as water and fertilizer conservation and so on. Therefor the effects of soil amendments on soil properties and yield of peanut under the condition of continuous rotation of peanut is particularly important. The study is based on Shenyang Agricultural University Peanut maize rotation and continuous cropping experiment from 2011 to 2014. By staging hierarchical conventional measurement methods, soil physical properties, nutrient content and soil microbial status were analyzed.How to clarify the impact of different Amendments peanut-maize crop rotation on soil nutrients, quality and yield.Thus to provide a scientific theoretical basis to improve the soil management, the quality and yield of peanut in Liaoning area. The mainly results are as follows:(1) With the increasing length of continuous, pH value is reducing, its order was:corn continuous cropping>peanut-corn rotation>peanut continuous cropping+biological modifier>continuous cropping+chemical modifier>peanut Cropping. With soil acidification, resulting in lower total number of soil microbes, soil bacteria share declined, accelerating the loss of soil fertility. Compared with rotation, soil amendments had no significant differences effect on soil pH value and soil microbes.(2) In the topsoil, the total nitrogen of peanut-corn rotation, continuous cropping+ chemical modifier, continuous cropping+biological modifier is increased by 21%,30%,25%, higher than the total nitrogen of peanut continuous cropping; The total phosphorus of peanut-corn rotation, continuous cropping+chemical modifier, continuous cropping+biological modifier was increased by 12%,40%,14%, higher than the total phosphorus of peanut continuous cropping; The available phosphorus of peanut-corn rotation, continuous cropping +chemical modifier, continuous cropping+biological modifier was increased by 49%,101%, 120%, higher than the available phosphorus of peanut continuous cropping; The available potassium of continuous cropping+chemical modifier, continuous cropping+biological modifier was increased by 44%,2%, higher than the available potassium of peanut continuous cropping. Therefore, soil amendments were administrated to improve soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and potassium content better than the treatment of crop rotation.(3)Through the study of four years of field trials micro-positioning can be drawn, yield of peanut under different treatments was not high in 2011. Yield of peanut under different treatments increased in 2012. Yield of peanut under different treatments continuous to increase in 2014, and the highest yield of peanut under the chemical modifier was 7526kg/hm2,the yield of different treatments was higher than the yield in 2011.Applying soil amendments on peanut yield increase short-term effect was not significant, with the increase in planting years, soil amendments increase yield significantly more, and chemical amendments increased peanut yield was significantly.(4) Due to soil microorganisms distributed widely in plant roots, so the soil nutrient content of topsoil was greatly influenced by microorganisms. Obtained by the experimental study, the topsoil soil bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and soil nitrogen content was significantly positively correlated,the number of topsoil bacteria, fungi and phosphorus content was negatively correlated, actinomycetes and soil available phosphorus content showed no correlation; topsoil soil bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and soil available potassium content was significantly negatively correlated.All of the results showed that the peanut continuous cropping decreased the fertility of soil, and the application of soil amendments could not only increase crop yield, but also improve soil fertility and moisture conservation. The above research will provide a scientific basis for evaluating the soil properties of farmland management and improving the grain yield of farmland in China.